IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER Title: Multi-Radio Power Conservation Management Date Submitted: January 16 2009 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #30 in Los Angeles Authors or Source(s): Kevin Knoll, Dennis Edwards, Behcet Sarikaya, Junghoon Jee, Anthony Chan Abstract: MRPM Tutorial 21-09-0004-00-mrpm

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Multi-Radio Market The market is seeing the introduction of many dual-radio devices. For Example: GSM/WiFi and CMDA2000/WiFi phones EV-DO/WiMax on Cardbus EV-DO/WiMax on USB WiMax/WiFi on PCI-Express Also consider: The typical laptop with integrated wired and wireless LAN interfaces New Mobile Internet Devices (MID) and Ultra-Mobile PC (UMPC) From less than 6 million units in 2006, combo handsets will reach nearly 190 million by 2011. In-Stat research summary 21-09-0004-00-mrpm

Multiple interfaces sharing a battery 802.16 3GPP; 3GPP2 Single-interface device: Different technologies have different modes of operation each with different power consumption 802.11 + – + – + – 802.16 3GPP; 3GPP2 802.11 Multiple-interface device: will drain battery fast if power consumption is optimized only within each individual network technology + – 21-09-0004-00-mrpm

Existing Solutions End-User manually manages connections Manual configuration frustrates the end-user because: Time required to figure out which connection to use and enable it Frustrated by short battery life Knowledge required of the OS and installed interfaces to enable/disable interfaces Client-based (typically laptops) connection management software Searches for available networks Based on pre-programmed criteria the software chooses the “most desirable” network (not necessarily “best-available”) May or may not disable other interfaces (for the purpose of battery-life, network use cost-reduction, etc.) 21-09-0004-00-mrpm

Connectivity Response time Network, device, and application considerations in enhancing battery life Different modes of operation in different technologies Battery life also depends on Fast call set up PTT (interactive) + – Active/on Data rate? Play back-start Record-start Discharge rate? 802.16 Sleep? 802.11 Sleep? + – Connectivity Response time Temperature? 802.11 Idle? CDMA Sleep? Charge count? + – Webpage-start Streaming-start Background-start + – Off/deep sleep 21-09-0004-00-mrpm

MRPM mechanisms (using / extending MIH in network/device) Enhance battery life by providing a power management framework enabling control of multi-radio power states depending on characteristics of each radio’s power consumption and application needs: Enable a Network Selection Entity (NSE) to consider multi-radio power management policy inputs. Inform the NSE of the current radio power configurations of a mobile device: whether radio is on, off-available, or off-do-not-disturb, etc. to determine the optimal power configuration of a multi-radio mobile device. Signaling over an energy efficient channel while putting other radios in low power state. Detect traffic destined for a radio interface in the off-available configuration and notifying the mobile device through an alternative “on” radio interface. Avoid futile scanning using location and network information PoA location and coverage information. 21-09-0004-00-mrpm