Human Immune response and blood Biochemical and cellular processes that protect the organism from damage by foreign substances – usually microorganisms and their proteins.
What happens during the immune response? Organism Feels sick/’crummy’: fever, tired, achy Organ Systems Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Endocrine Cells Increased white blood cell (leukocyte) count Biochemicals Production of immune response proteins – antibodies and inflammatory chemicals
Blood and the immune response The immune response is carried out by white blood cells (leukocytes) that leave the blood stream While in the blood stream leukocytes are ‘on patrol’ and the immune response is not active RBC, platelet, WBC
Blood and the immune response The immune response is carried out by white blood cells (leukocytes) that leave the blood stream When leukocytes leave the blood stream they are ‘fighting’ as part of an active immune response
Blood and the immune response Leukocytes compose >1% of normal blood, but increase significantly during an immune response
Blood and the immune response Immune Response does: Recognize Respond Remember Because White blood cells do: Phagocytosis Produce Chemicals Kill Communicate
Blood and the immune response Recognize Neutrophils eat Basophils and eosinophils produce chemicals to communicate Monocytes eat Monocytes produce chemicals to communicate Lymphocytes produce chemicals to kill Respond Remember Lymphocytes produce chemicals to communicate
Types of leukocytes
Types of leukocytes
Types of leukocytes Granulocytes Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil Eat/phagocytosis Chemicals to communicate Chemicals to communicate Chemicals to communicate
Types of leukocytes Agranulocytes Lymphocyte Monocyte Produce chemicals to kill Produce chemicals to communicate Eat/phagocytosis Produce chemicals to communicate
Immunity Memory lymphocytes remain dormant after 1st infection 2nd encounter initiates a response that is faster and stronger than the initial response Results in ‘immunity’ and can be produced artificially by vaccination