The United States and Canada TEST FRIDAY, OCTOBER 17!!!

Do NOW!! What is the cartoonist’s point of view? What is renewable energy? What is non renewable energy? How does this cartoon relate to energy?

How do people in the USA/Canada Depend on their Environment? Food Water Shelter Oxygen energy

How do people in USA/Canada Modify their environment? Dams Large Scale Agriculture for food production Manmade waterways Hoover Dam is a source of Hydroelectric power St. Lawrence Seaway is a valuable set of canals that help with shipping of products throughout the US and Canada

Modification Political Cartoon Optic Overview Parts Title Inference Conclusion

How do people in the USA/Canada Adapt to their environments? Beach homes on stilts Think Pair Share: Look at your physical maps of US/Canada in your notebook. What other ways may humans need to adapt to their environment?

Environmental Issues Gallery Walk In a group of 4, you will be given a folder. In the folder are readings/images/cartoons about different ways that humans modify their environments in the United States and Canada Your job is to INTERPRET the information and input your responses into the Graphic Organizer. You can work with your group, everyone needs to see EVERY handout. You will have about 4-5 minutes per section.

Migration

In the beginning….. Humans in north America migrate here from Asia through the BERING STRAIT (land bridge) Came in search of food

Early Settlement in the US/ Canada: Where did people settle?

Major International Migration Patterns, Early 1990s Why do people migrate? Push Factors Pull Factors Emigration and immigration Change in residence. Relative to origin and destination. Major International Migration Patterns, Early 1990s Slide graphic courtesy of Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Hofstra University

World Migration Routes Since 1700 Source: adapted from Getis et al. (1991) “Introduction to Geography”. 3rd edition. European African (slaves) Indian Chinese Japanese Majority of population descended from immigrants Slide graphic courtesy of Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Hofstra University

Ellis Island National Monument U.S. Immigration Prior to 1840, 90% of U.S. immigration was from Britain Two Big Waves: 1840 - 1930: W. and N. European transitioning to Southern and Eastern European by 1910 Irish (potato famine in 1840s) and Germans During 1900s: Italians, Russians, Austria-Hungary (Czech, Poland, Romania, etc.) 1950 - Today: Asians and Latin Americans; declining Europeans Asians: China, India; 1980s -1990s: Phillipines, Vietnam, and South Korea Latin America: Mexico, Dom. Rep., El Salvador, Cuba, Haiti 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act admitted former illegals in 1990, 1991. Ellis Island National Monument

Ellis Island National Monument U.S. Migration Prior to 1840, 90% of U.S. immigration was from Britain Three trends: Destinations of U.S. Immigrants - ethnic neighborhoods often result of chain migration Mexicans: California, Texas, Illinois, New York Caribbean: Florida or New York Chinese and Indians: New York & California Other Asians: California Armenians: ???? Ellis Island National Monument

U.S. Immigration Policies 1882, Bars Asian immigration for ten years (extended) 1921, Quota Act - country by country quotas 1924 National Origins Act - country by country quotas 1965, Immigration Act - quotas for countries replaced, in 1968, with hemisphere quotas of 170, 000 for East and 120,000 for West 1978, Immigration Act - global quota of 290, 000 1980, Refugee Act - quotas do not apply to those seeking political asylum 1986, Immigration Reform and Control Act admitted large numbers of former illegals. 1990, Immigration Act raised global quotas to roughly 675,000 1995, visas issued Preferentially: 480,000 - to relatives of people here 140,000 - to those with special skills and education 55,000 - to diversity candidates (i.e., mostly not from Latin Amer. or Asia) Current Total: 675,000

U.S. Immigration Patterns

US Population by Race and Ethnicity, 1990-2050 Source: US Census Bureau. Slide graphic courtesy of Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Hofstra University

Top 10 Countries of Origin for US Legal Immigrants, 1998 Source: INS. Slide graphic courtesy of Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Hofstra University

Illegal Aliens in the United States by Country of Origin, 1996 (in 1,000s) About 5.0 million undocumented immigrants were residing in the United States in October 1996, with a range of about 4.6 to 5.4 million (about 1.9% of the total US population). The population was estimated to be growing by about 275,000 each year. 41 percent, of the total undocumented population in 1996 are nonimmigrant overstays. That is, they entered legally on a temporary basis and failed to depart. Source: US INS. Slide graphic courtesy of Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Hofstra University

Population Pyramid of Native and Foreign Born Population, United States, 2000 (in %) Male Female Age Male Female Source: US Census Bureau, 2000. Slide graphic courtesy of Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Hofstra University

America, The land of Opportunity Silently read the information on why people have moved to the USA. Compete your chart. Answer the following question on your own sheet of paper. Why is their large scale migration to the United States? What conditions exist that encourage migration?

ESPN US and Canada

Economic Geography US/Canada Command Canada USA Market Both the USA and Canada have a Free Enterprise Economy Prices and economic decisions are controlled by Supply and Demand Little government intervention

Post Industrial Economies: US and Canada Economic output is focused in Tertiary and Quaternary Economic Activities Both the United States and Canada are DEVELOPED nations Book page 140 discuss and answer questions regarding Major Sectors of the US Economy.

TERTIARY and quaternary activities are SERVICE/ MANAGEMENT levels of industry… they would mostly be found in the URBAN (city) parts of the U.S. and Canada.

Tertiary (service) industries include things like: finance, medicine, sales, education…anything that provides a SERVICE to consumers. Again…most Americans and Canadians work at the tertiary (service) and quaternary (management) levels of industry.

Urban Sprawl In your Geography Textbook read pages 176-178. Complete the questions on your guided notes.

Urban Sprawl and Modification What type of modification of the environment occurs to make room for urban settlements?

SOCIAL: Culture US and Canada Language: English in the USA, English and French in Canada Religion: Christianity Protestantism and Catholicism

Culture Multi-Cultural Societies Melting pot of many different cultures One or more cultures exists Assimilation: is the process by which a person or a group's language and/or culture come to resemble those of another group. Brain Drain: Occurs when talented (athletic, intellectual, doctors, etc.) leave an LDC or NIC for an MDC in search of opportunity

Brain Break! Reference your immigration chart in your spiral: Which immigrant was having a hard time assimilating into the American way of life? Why did they experience these challenges? Provide and example of brain drain from your case studies. Explain.

Ethnicities Think about the following questions as we view the following slides! What is an ethnicity? Who lives where? Why do certain ethnicities live where they do? Where did the early immigrants come from?

megalopolis- part of NE Washington, D.C. Baltimore Philadelphia New York City Boston

Birth of Suburban America – post WWII (#15)

Levittown Levittown- 1950’s A suburb is a… community outside of a city. Levittown- 1950’s

Political Systems Federal Republic Constitutional Monarchy Democracy United States Canada Federal Republic Power split between Federal Government and local, state governments Constitutional Monarchy Democracy

Federal Government USA Canada:Parliment Three Branches: Legislative, Executive, Judicial Balance of Power: was created so that powers overlap, and no one branch could ever have more power than the other. Queen, Senate (appointed), House of Commons (elected) Steven Harper Prime Minister Serves at her majesty’s pleasure

US and Canada Sub Regions Map Sketch a map of the United States and Canada in your spiral. Using the text book pages______ identify the Sub regions of the United States and Canada on your map. Create a modified map key, identifying the region by color and a couple of sentences identifying specific characteristics about the region. This will be for a grade in your notebook check, test day! TEST ON Wednesday!