Subtle hemorrhagic brain injury is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in infants with repaired congenital heart disease Janet S. Soul, MD,

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Presentation transcript:

Subtle hemorrhagic brain injury is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in infants with repaired congenital heart disease Janet S. Soul, MD, CM, Richard L. Robertson, MD, David Wypij, PhD, David C. Bellinger, PhD, MSc, Karen J. Visconti, PhD, Adré J. du Plessis, MBChB, MPH, Barry D. Kussman, MBBCh, Lisa A. Scoppettuolo, MS, Frank Pigula, MD, Richard A. Jonas, MD, Jane W. Newburger, MD, MPH The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 138, Issue 2, Pages 374-381 (August 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.02.027 Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Focus of hemosiderin in left parieto-occipital cortex (arrow) seen on axial MPGR sequence (A) without corresponding abnormality on axial T2w fast spin echo sequence (B). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 374-381DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.02.027) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Small area of focal encephalomalacia seen as T2 hyperintensity in left insular region (arrow), consistent with old focal stroke. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 374-381DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.02.027) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 PVL in a subject with VSD (A, B) and a subject with TOF (C, D) shown by T2w imaging as patchy areas of T2 hyperintensity in the cerebral white matter dorsolateral to the frontal horns and occipital horns of the lateral ventricles (arrows). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 374-381DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.02.027) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Boxplot of PDI and MDI scores for subjects with and without foci of hemosiderin. The limits of the box indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, and the median is marked by the line within the box. The whiskers indicate the 10th and 90th percentiles, and the observations outside of this range are shown as solid circles. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 374-381DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.02.027) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions