Latitude and Longitude

Lines of Latitude Run East and West Zero Degrees is the Equator Measure distances North/South of the Equator 0o -90o N and S

Lines of Longitude Run From the North Pole to the South Pole Zero Degrees is the Prime Meridian Measure distances east and west of the Prime Meridian 0o – 180o E and W 180o = International Date Line

Important Lines of Latitude Tropic of Cancer 23.5o N Equator Tropic of Capricorn 23.5o S

The Tropics

Important Lines of Latitude Only region on Earth were the Sun can be directly overhead (90o) Tropic of Cancer 23.5o N Equator Tropic of Capricorn 23.5o S

Important Lines of Latitude Arctic Circle 66.5 o N Tropic of Cancer 23.5o N Equator Tropic of Capricorn 23.5o S Antarctic Circle 66.5 o S

Arctic & Antarctic Circles Notice that when the Earth is tilted towards the Sun locations north of the Arctic Circle receive 24 hours of light for a period of time.

Important Lines of Latitude Arctic Circle 66.5 o N Only regions on Earth that can experience 24 hours of light or dark. Tropic of Cancer 23.5o N Equator Tropic of Capricorn 23.5o S Arctic Circle 66.5 o S

Breaking Up a Degree into a Smaller Amount Listing Coordinates Latitude is given 1st and longitude is 2nd You must always include a direction (N, S, E, W) Breaking Up a Degree into a Smaller Amount One degree = 60 minutes Symbol for a minute is ’

Instead of a degree being broken up into decimals (. 1. 2. 3 ect Instead of a degree being broken up into decimals (.1 .2 .3 ect.) degrees are broken up into 60 minutes. So instead of saying 42.5o you would say, 42o 30’ N. 43o 55’ 50’ 45’ 40’ 35’ 30’ 25’ 20’ 15’ 10’ 5’ 42o

Finding Polaris – The North Star Little Dipper Polaris Big Dipper

Correlation Between Latitude and Angle of Polaris Above the Horizon The angle between Polaris and the horizon is equal to the latitude you are at. Polaris Horizon

Star Trails

Star Trails 45o Earth rotates 15o /hr All objects move across the sky 15o /hr

Mercator Maps

Distortion of Mercator Maps