Chapter 12 The Reach of Imperialism Pages 223 to 246

Colonial Rule in Southeast Asia Lesson One Colonial Rule in Southeast Asia

The New Imperialism Imperialism – the ___________ of a nation’s _____________ over other _________________ Set up trading post & _________________________ work _______________________ 1880 Ex: Africa & Asia New Imperialism – __________________ control over vast territories _______________ no longer control their own land &/or ________________ _______________ 1880

Reasons for New Imperialism Economics – needed ________materials & places to sell their ___________ 2. European Rivalries – ________________________ & prestige 3. Social __________________ & Racism – Europeans believed they were _____________ 4. Religion – moral responsibility to “_________________” primitive people & teach them about God/the Bible/Christianity * “_______________________________” 5. Politics – Bringing the benefit of ________________________ & capitalism to “primitive” places

Great Britain Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles founded new _____________ colony called ____________________ in 1819 major port to & from _______________________ Burma – aka – ________________________ used to protect colonies in ______________________ Burmese __________________________ fell to the English

France Vietnam – North & South Vietnam – Stared with _____________________, but Vietnamese ____________________ them Christian missionaries were eventually successful North & South Vietnam – created by __________________________________ divided the country 1857 – forced Vietnamese to accept French ____________________ from other European nations (the _____________________) 1883 – became a ____________________________ of France Union of ____________________– Vietnam, Cambodia, Annam, Tonkin, & Laos

Thailand – The Exception Called __________________ able to keep ________________________________ from European colonization King Mongkut & his son King Chulalongkorn promoted _________________________ education/learning maintained __________________________ relations with Europeans 1896 – both _________________ & __________________agreed that Thailand would be the buffer b/t their colonies in Southeast Asia neither side would _____________________ the country

The United States Spanish-American War Philippines; An American Colony George ________________ defeated Spanish in ________________________ in 1898 Pres. ______________________________ decided to turn the __________________________ into an American colony it was a Spanish colony before the war Philippines; An American Colony allowed the US access to trade with __________________________ Filipinos Fight for Independence ___________________ years of war against US US won & the Filipinos do not get full independence until ____________________

Indirect & Direct Rule Indirect: ______________ rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority & ________________________ made access to _____________________________easier ____________________ b/c fewer officials had to be trained affected local ___________________________ less Example: Dutch East India Company & France in North Vietnam Direct: Local elites were ________________ from __________________ & replaced with a new set of officials brought from the ______________________ colonizing country Required with local population resisted Europeans Example: England in Burma & France in South Vietnam

Empire Building in Africa Lesson Two Empire Building in Africa

West Africa Resources Available: _________________, timber, hides, & _________________ By late 1800’s ________________ from Africa was declining & Europeans now were exploiting the ___________________________ of W. Africa 1847 – _______________________ annexed the west coastal states of the Gold Coast & forced___________________________ to become a protectorate 1900 – ________________ controlled the largest portion of West Africa _________________ controlled Togo, Cameroon, and parts of Southwest Africa & East Africa

Egypt (North Africa) 1805 – _______________ seized independence from the ____________ Empire 1854-1869 – ____________ entrepreneur built the ___________Canal in Egypt allowing for trade b/t Europe & Asia without going around ______________ “lifeline to India” 1875 – ____________________bought Egypt’s share of the Suez Canal 1898 – England seized __________________ to protect its interest in Egypt 1914 – England made ___________________ a protectorate

France in North Africa Italy in North Africa ________________________ under direct control Tunisia & ______________________ were protectorates Italy in North Africa 1896 – invaded __________________, but were defeated by the local population 1911 – invaded Turkish ___________________ & won Renamed it _____________________

Central Africa David Livingstone from _____________ spent _______ years exploring Central Africa His Goal – To find a navigable ____________ that would open Central Africa to European commerce & Christianity Henry Stanley from the _______ continued Livingstone’s work in Central Africa & explored the ____________ River which ended in the ______________ Ocean King _________________of Belgium encouraged colonization of Central Africa 1877 hired Stanley to establish a Belgian settlement in the Congo River area ___________________ colonized Northern Central Africa

East Africa __________________ Conference of 1884 & 1885… officially recognized England & Germany territories in East Africa ____________________ received Mozambique

South Africa _______________ aka Afrikaners: descendants of the original ___________ settlers in ___________________, South Africa believed _____________ superiority was ordained by _____________ denied non-Europeans a place in their society; only could be _______________ or servants battled the ______________ Tribe for land many times During Napoleonic Wars _______________ seized the land from the Dutch & renamed the area “_____________________” set up _____________________ & gold mines in the area Zulu Tribe eventually _______________ due to help from the British

The Boer War in South Africa 1899 to 1902 Boers vs ___________________ ____________________ were victorious 1910 – British created the independent _________________________________ combination of Cape Colony & the ____________________________ British appeased the Boers and stated that only ______________________ & _______________________ who owned _____________________ could vote

Effects of Imperialism in Africa By 1914: _____________ & Ethiopia only places ______ conquered by Europeans Most colonies ran by ___________________ rule… kept the _______ African classes in power, which led to _________ tension among Africans The ____________________ colonies… ________________________ made all of the decisions for their colonies local African elites used to ________________ the British decisions ____________________ colonies… used ___________________ rule & ____________________the Africans into French culture Africans could run for office & serve in the French National Assembly in _______________

Lesson Three British Rule in India

The Great Rebellion (neutral name) Sepoy Mutiny (British name) or First War of Independence (Indian name) Sepoy – ___________ solider hired by _____________ East India Co. to protect British interest in region Immediate Cause: Rumor that British troops used ____________________ fat to grease the rifle cartridges To load the gun you had to ___________________ the cartridge cows are sacred to __________ & pigs are taboo to __________________ Sepoys _______________ to load their guns & were charged with mutiny & imprisoned In support of the Sepoys, other soldiers went on a rampage & killed ________ European men, women, & children Other Indians got involved and rebellion lasted _______________before the British won

Effects of the Rebellion British Parliament gave ____________ power over the East India Co. to the ______________ government & began “_________________” rule. a _____________________ (monarch representative) ruled India a British ________________ service staff assisted the viceroy (3,500 people) brought order & stability to India created a ________________________ system taught in English to spread the language to the elite local population (about 10% of the Indians) 1876 – Queen _________________ of England took title as Empress of India India became her “_________________________________” Indian ______________________ spread creation of the INC – Indian National Congress

Imperialism in Latin America Lesson Four Imperialism in Latin America

U.S. in Latin America Spanish-American War Results… __________________ became a protectorate of the U.S. ________________________ was annexed by the U.S. ________________ separated from __________________ with the help of the U.S. in 1903 in return the U.S. received ______ miles of their land to build the __________________ Canal opened in 1914 & connected the ________________________________Oceans ________________Corollary stated that the U.S. could intervene in any Latin American nation guilty of “__________________________________” The U.S. became known as the “big bully” to the north due to so much military & __________________________ involvement in Latin America

Revolution in Mexico _________________________ was the dictator of Mexico from 1877-1911 Created conservative, centralized gov’t Supporters: ___________, foreign capitalist, landowners, & ______________________ all benefited from their alliance with Diaz Problems for Diaz… Wages of workers _______________________ _____% of rural people didn’t own land – approx. __________ families owned all land ____________________________ forced Diaz from power in 1911 his ineffectiveness to solve Mexico’s problems led to his downfall both _______________ & Emiliano Zapata led their own armies to fight for land reform

1917 – new ____________________ for Mexico was created set up a gov’t led by a President & elected by _______________ created land reform policies Est. limits on foreign investors est. worker rights, labor unions, minimum wage, & limited worker hours Led to… more democratic & political stability _________________________ throughout Mexico