Important Concepts in Sensation & Perception

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Presentation transcript:

Important Concepts in Sensation & Perception

Gate Control Theory Pain signals traveling through the spinal cord have to compete with non-pain signals to reach the brain, and these signals can either be given preference (by Substance P) or be suppressed (by Endorphins). Broken Leg

Weber’s Law As the intensity of a Stimulus increases, the difference threshold also proportionally increases. Example 1 Class Chatter (10 decibels) Teacher Taking (13 decibels Class Chatter (50 decibels) Teacher Talking (53 decibels) (65 decibels) Example 2 Holding 1Psych book in one hand Holding 2 Psych Books in other hand Holding 6 Psych books in one hand Holding 7 Psych Books in other hand 12

Absolute Threshold Minimum amount of stimulation needed to detect a stimulus at least 50% of the time.

Kinesthetic Sense Knowing where your limbs are in space

Basilar Membrane Region within the Cochlea that contains the hair cells that help transduce sound waves into neural impulses for the brain. Ex. Fans yelling offensive things

Signal Detection Theory Ability to detect Stimuli is influenced by: (1) Stimulus Variables: Is stimuli weak? (2) Environmental Variables: Distracting? (3) Organismic Variables: Person doing detecting

Perceptual Set A predisposition to perceive something one way rather than another Ex. This team is really good. Ex. This team sucks. Ex. This team’s fans are terrible people. Ex. The porkchops are really good!

Gestalt Grouping Principles Similarity Proximity Closure Continuity Connectedness

Depth Cues Binocular (2 Eyes) - Retinal Disparity - Convergence Monocular (1 Eye) -Relative Height -Relative Size -Interposition -Linear Perspective -Relative Motion -Light & Shadow -Texture Gradient -Relative Clarity

Sensory Adaptation Diminished sensitivity to a constant stimulation.

Phi Phenomenon Illusion of movement created by blinking lights. Link to Example Stroboscopic Motion- Peoria

Perceptual Constancy Objects remain the same size, shape, & brightness despite changes in the retinal image.

Perceptual Adaptation If exposed to an inverted or altered visual field, you will adjust over time.