Review SYMBIOSIS And TYPES of SYMBIOSIS Species Interactions Review SYMBIOSIS And TYPES of SYMBIOSIS

Ecological Relationships Oppositional relationship – opposing each other Predator/Prey Competition Symbiosis – a close relationship between 2 different species Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism

Species interaction: Opposition Predation 1 – predator / prey; one eats another Video Competition – Two species fight over a single resource, one loses

Predation

Competition

Interspecific Interaction Symbiosis is a close relationship between two unrelated organisms Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism

Symbiotic Relationships Symbiosis- two species living together 3 Types of symbiosis: 1. Commensalism 2. Parasitism 3. Mutualism Cleaning shrimp

Videos on Symbiosis Rhino / White bird Explain the relationship

Symbiotic Relationships Mutualism- beneficial to both species Ex. cleaning birds and cleaner shrimp The Egyptian plover takes insects from the backs of buffaloes, giraffes and rhinos. The plover has also been observed taking leeches from the open mouths of crocodiles! In this association the plover receives a supply of food and the other animal rids itself of unwelcome pests

Symbiotic Relationships Mutualism- beneficial to both species Ex. lichen The Egyptian plover takes insects from the backs of buffaloes, giraffes and rhinos. The plover has also been observed taking leeches from the open mouths of crocodiles! In this association the plover receives a supply of food and the other animal rids itself of unwelcome pests

Lichen Mutualism = Fungi and bacteria – important for ecological succession. Eat rocks. Pioneer Species

Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism- one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped Ex. orchids on a tree Epiphytes: A plant, such as a tropical orchid or a bromeliad, that grows on another plant upon which it depends for mechanical support but not for nutrients. Also called xerophyte, air plant.

Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism- one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped Ex. polar bears and cyanobacteria You can see here that this polar bear is no longer white.

Symbiotic Relationships Parasitism- one species benefits (parasite) and the other is harmed (host) Parasite-Host relationship

Symbiotic Relationships Parasitism- parasite-host Ex. lampreys, leeches, fleas, ticks, tapeworm

= 1 species Type of relationship Species harmed Species benefits Species neutral Commensalism Parasitism Mutualism = 1 species

PACKET REVIEW video

California Sea Otters KEYSTONE SPECIES – a species critical to the functioning of an ecosystem. Read page 242

Sea Urchin and Kelp Beds

Ants and acacia tree Nitrogen fixing bacteria Protozoa and termite Algae and sloth Mistletoe and tree Spanish moss and tree Fluke eggs and host snail Plover and crocodile

Wrasse and parrotfish Clownfish and anemone Parasitism Body invaders Lamprey Tick

Review Notes! Video tomorrow Lab Tuesday Review Wednesday Assessment Thursday Review assessment friday