Bellwork Please take a sheet at the table. On a separate sheet of paper, complete a works cited for the sources on the back of the sheet. You no longer have to include the URL for an Internet citation.

Zimmerman, Robert. Ethics in the School System Zimmerman, Robert. Ethics in the School System. New York: Hoffman-Brown, 1986. Print. Black, Renee, and Alex Green. Effective School Administration. Boston: Scholastics, 2011. Print. Bright, Clara. “Principal Changes Policies.” Time 31 Jan. 2011: 113-115. Print. Smalley, Jim. “School District Meets Goals for Improvement.” The Spokesman Review31 Jan. 2011

Bellwork: Outline Practice Place your Topic Possibilities Sheet on your desk. The slips given to your group include the thesis, the topic sentences (claims/reasons), and the supporting details for each claim (two each). Organize the slips in the correct order. What is the thesis? Which sentences would serve as topic/reason ideas and which are supporting details within the paragraph? Use parallel word choice and format the outline correctly. Use template provided. Follow the sample on your final outline sheet.

What it should look like Dogs are Good People Thesis: The dogs of College Station deserve the same rights and privileges as granted to our youngest humans. Introduction  College Station dogs are as smart as young children and often make for more polite companions. Dogs are capable of learning up to 250 words and can easily go with the flow of human interactions. Dogs are quieter and less disruptive than the average two-year-old human. College Station dogs should be able to walk leash-free if they are accompanied by their human companions; in most cases, wearing a leash is unnecessary. Dogs can be easily trained to walk alongside their human companions without a leash or restraint. In a recent survey, 65% of College Station dog owners said that walking a dog on a leash is more of a hassle than walking a dog leash-free. More rights for College Station dogs means more rights for College Station’s dog companions. Dog companions will have more choices of places where they can spend time with friends and family without having to leave beloved pets behind. Dog companions will not have to deal with the trouble of hiring a dog-walker while at work or a pet-sitter for short weekend getaways. Conclusion 

How to find reliable Internet Sources

You will be required to use two internet sources, and no more, for the five required sources in your paper. Due at the end of class on Monday—a works cited page with two internet sources listed that you want to use for your paper. Also, attach the printouts of information that you plan to use from the sites.

Web vs. print Print Advertisements Books Flyers Government reports Journals Leaflets Legal documents Magazines Newspapers Pamphlets Press releases Scholarly journals Textbooks Trade journals/magazines Web Audio files Blogs Chat rooms Discussion lists/sites Emails Images Interactive websites Message boards Online radio shows PDF documents Podcasts Video blogs Websites

Web vs. print Web anyone with web access can publish author/affiliations and qualifications may be unclear may not clearly identify external information may be biased/misleading publication info may not be listed

Web vs. Print Print extensive publication process clearly indicates author/affiliations clearly marks outside sources/quotations bias exists, but is reviewed only qualified manuscripts accepted for publication publication info clearly listed

How to Evaluate Sources Be skeptical--availability on the Internet does not guarantee reliability. Anyone can post information on the net. Follow these steps to help check the credibility of your sources:

Authority Does the document have a title? Who are the authors? What type of site is providing the information? Does the site end in .org, .edu, or .gov? These are generally considered reliable sources.

Recency When was the data last updated? A date should be listed. Is it recent? Or is not date listed at all? Does the info appear to be the most recent or current on the subject?

Accuracy Does the source adequately define terms for the average reader? Is background information provided?

Context Does the document provide references or links to other info that might clarify its content? Can fact be distinguished from opinion? Are sources accurate and within context? Is the document simply a personal opinion or can it be supported with fact?

Conducting a Search Consider: keywords that apply what kinds of information you need multiple angles keep notes When conducting a search online, it pays to be creative. Before you start, you might consider brainstorming about words and phrases that could be associated with your project. You might also consider making a list of different kinds of information that might be helpful to your project—for example, you might need information about the number of dining halls in the United States, as well as nutritional information about the food served in dining halls. These two angles would probably need at least two different searches. Because you will most likely find a large volume of information, it’s a good idea to keep notes or bookmarks of sites that seem particularly helpful. When going through pages and pages of results, it’s easy to forget which pages were the most helpful.

Using Search Terms Do multiple searches Try keyword variations e.g. try “dining hall,” “cafeteria,” and “campus food service” Be specific as you learn more e.g. change “dining hall” to “Midwest university dining hall” Boolean Operators: words added to a search to make it more specific There are several strategies for using search terms that will help you find the most useful sources for a project. One highly helpful strategy is to do multiple searches using different terms, and different combinations of terms. Think about it this way: some writers might use the term “dining hall” when writing about the quality of on-campus food, while other writers might have used the term “campus food service.” If you only did a search using the term “dining hall,” you’d miss all the content that only used the term “campus food service.” As you look through your results, you might come across terms used by writers that would help you in your search. Be alert for terms that might help you find new results. If you get too many results in a search, it might be helpful to make your search terms more specific. For example, if you’re writing about the quality of dining halls in Indiana, you might want to use “Midwest university dining hall” instead of just “dining hall.” “Midwest university dining hall” is more likely to return content about university dining halls, while just “dining hall” is more likely to include results about elementary dining halls all over the world, which are irrelevant to your project.

Defining a Search: Boolean Operators AND finds pages with all of the search terms used e.g. “dining hall” AND “student workers” OR finds pages with at least one of the search terms e.g. “dining hall” OR “cafeteria” OR “campus food service” NOT excludes pages that include the second term e.g. Henry VII NOT Shakespeare Boolean operators are useful for tailoring search terms to get the type of results you want. Boolean operators are one-word connectors that are placed between keywords or keyphrases in a search. Using AND will find pages that include all of the search terms used. For example, “dining hall” AND “student workers” will return pages that include the phrases “dining hall” and “student workers” OR will find pages that include pages that include at least one of the search terms. For example, “dining hall” OR “cafeteria” OR “campus food service.” OR is useful for expanding search results if there aren’t enough using just one term, and for when there are multiple terms that might be used to describe a subject. NOT excludes pages that include the second phrase listed. For example, Henry VII NOT Shakespeare would be useful if you wanted to find content about Henry VIII the historical king, but not the Shakespeare play by the same name. NOT is useful for limiting results when there are too many. Most search engines have more advanced search options in addition to Boolean operators, so keep your eyes option for “advanced” search options in the search engines you use.

Defining a Search: Quotation Marks Return pages with exact matches enter dining hall Get: “As I was dining, I heard a noise coming from the hall” enter “dining hall” Get: “Dining hall food quality is assessed in this paper.” Putting quotations marks around multiple word phrases can be helpful if you want to find an exact phrase. It can also be helpful in weeding out unrelated content. For example, entering dining hall without quotation marks might return a page with the phrase, “as I was dining, I heard a noise coming from the hall, ” while entering “dining hall” in quotation marks will only return pages in which the words “dining” and “hall” appear next to each other. Quotation marks can help limit the results of a search.

Evaluating Search Results Domain name extensions anyone can register .com, .net, .org domain names not a great way to tell whether a source is “credible” .edu and .gov can only be used by educational institutions and governmental institutions still not necessarily reliable Domain name extensions used to be a fairly reliable strategy for determining the credibility of a website. This is no longer the case. Anyone can register .com, .net, .org domain names, meaning that a .org extension does not mean that the site belongs to a legitimate organization, or that the information presented is guaranteed to be valid. While it’s true that .edu and .gov can only be used by educational institutions and governmental institutions, this doesn’t mean that information found at a .gov or .edu is reliable: for example, many universities offer students and faculty web space, and users may post information that is not correct

Wikipedia Articles Often one of the first results listed “Web versus Print” slides apply here We will not use as one of our two Internet sources Can be useful for: getting an overview generating new ideas pointing to other sources Wikipedia articles often come up as one of the first results in a search engine for many topics. Instructors differ about whether Wikipedia is a valid source that can be cited, so make sure you know your instructors’ policies. Although Wikipedia may not be fully accepted as a citable source in academic projects, it can still be a useful online research tool. It can be helpful for getting a general overview of a topic that can then guide later research. It can also be help generate ideas and angles on a topic that you might not have been aware of. Many Wikipedia articles also contain extensive sources and external links at the end of the article. Even if you cannot cite a Wikipedia article, the bibliography and external links at the end of an article might lead you to a source that might be helpful to your project and considered acceptable for academic projects.

How to Cite Sources from the Internet Cite what is available; however, if a lot of the required information is not available for your site that may be a red flag for you concerning the credibility of your source. Examples: Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site. Version number. Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource creation (if available). Medium of publication. Date of access. The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008. Web. 23 Apr. 2008. Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003. Web. 10 May 2006.

Thesis Statement Complete Sentence Simple or Complex (Not Compound) Keep the sentence tight and direct State as a fact. Wrong: I believe gummy worms should be the official candy of Texas. Right: Gummy worms should be the official candy of Texas.

Planning sheet. I am giving you the rest of the time to work on planning. Write your thesis statement in the blank provided. After writing your thesis, begin brainstorming reasons for and against your thesis.