Pharmacobotany 2 Practice 6

Araliaceae Ivy family

Hedera helix – common ivy

Hedera helix – common ivy heterophylly

Panax ginseng – ginseng

Familia: Apiaceae Carrot family (Umbelliferae) 6

Apiaceae – general characteristics Stem: often ribbed and hollow Leaf: spiral, simple divided  doubly compound Inflorescence: compound umbel (involucre, involucel) Flower: Ca5Co5A5G(2) - stigma (discus): nectary Fruit: double achene – carpophor Schizogenous cavities: essential oil + coumarin involucel involucre carpophor

Apiaceae – general characteristics D: Ammi majus E: floral diagram F-I: Conium maculatum K-L: Carum carvi DOUBLE ACHENE: style seed coat fruit wall embryo + endosperm double achene carpophor 8

Anethum graveolens – dill 9

Anethum graveolens - dill longitudinal section of the fruit essential oil cavities

Anthriscus cerefolium – chervil 11

Carum carvi – caraway

Carum carvi – caraway essential oil cavities

Eryngium planum – blue eryngo Drug: aerial parts root 14

Foeniculum vulgare – fennel 15

Foeniculum vulgare – fennel essential oil cavities Cross section of double achene 16

Levisticum officinale – lovage 17

Punicaceae Pomegranate family 18

Punica granatum – pomegranate 19

Lythraceae Loosestrife family

Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife

Onagraceae Evening-primrose family

Oenothera biennis – common evening-primrose

Familia: Rutaceae Rue family 24

Dictamnus albus – burning-bush 25

Ruta graveolens – common rue rutin 26

Citrus limon – lemon Citrus aurantium bitter orange

false berry double achene Drawing tasks ARALIACEAE APIACEAE Inflorescence (a) simple umbel (b) compound umbel Fruit false berry double achene e.g. Hedera helix Foeniculum vulgare