Napoleon Bonaparte Rise, Fall & Legacy

Analyze the visual below: Why this pose? What message is being conveyed?

Revolutionary Cycle: How Does it Apply to the French Revolution? Existing Order Crisis Quest for Change Chaos Restructure

What accounted for the rise to power of Napoleon Bonaparte? Military Victory Proven Leadership Reputation (+) Changes in Government The Directory ineffective Coup d’état by Abbé Siéyès & army Constitution Year VIII 1st Consul = NB as sole Ruler

The Consulate: NB as Ruler Peace to Europe: Treaty of Amiens 1802 Amnesty Emigrés + Other Factions b/c Skills Needed Suppression of Dissent Secret Police + Centralized Power + Execution Concordat = Peace with the Papacy RC as official French religion, Power Shared Napoleonic Code Property Rights, Pro-Biz Anti-Labor, Pro-Male Consistent Law in France

NB as Emperor – What the…? Bomb Threat >> New Constitution Plebiscite = Vote of ppl

How did the French Empire get established & what was its extent? Haitian Rebellion… lost Louisiana Purchase… sold Setbacks vs. Third Coalition (GB, A, R) Trafalgar ‘05 = GB is safe, naval superiority Conquest = Expansion of Land/Influence Austerlitz ‘05 = NB controls Northern Italy Confederation of the Rhine ‘06 = Re-organized Berlin Decrees ‘06 = no GB imports Treaty of Tilsit ‘07 = Prussia / Russia “puppets”

Napoleon’s Three Mistakes The Continental System ‘07 No trade w/ GB w/in Empire Milan Decree No One trades w/ GB Damaged Economy > Smuggling, ↑ costs The Peninsular War ‘08 Suppress Portugal + Replace Bourbon King Guerilla War by Sp + GB troops = losses The Invasion of Russia 1812 Grand Army 600k >>>> 100k Scorched Earth + Weather = Defeat + Retreat

Napoleon’s End #1 3 Mistakes > Weakened Forces Battle of the Nations aka Battle of Leipzig NB loses NB Abdicates + Accepts Exile to Elba, but…

After NB… What’s Next? Treaty of Chaumont 1814 Bourbons restored (Louis XVIII) >1792 borders Quadruple Alliance = Peace / Cooperation GB, Russia, Prussia & Austria… 20 year deal Congress of Vienna begins… NB’s Hundred Days… again? NB returns, new army… vs. Quad Alliance Wellington (GB) + von Blucher (P) def. NB-Waterloo NB exiled to St. Helena (mid-Atlantic)… dies (6 yrs) Congress of Vienna continues…

Congress of Vienna 1814-15 GB, Prussia, Austria, Russia = deciders Castlereagh (GB) & Metternich (A) key ppl. Balance of Power Borders realigned, territory restored Legitimacy Restored monarchs/avoid democracy Holy Alliance (R, Pr,& A) France restored as a respected power Results in peace on the Continent…