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Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2015.172 Figure 4 Neurotransmitter profiles, metabolite profiles and other diagnostic investigations in neurotransmitter disorders Figure 4 | Neurotransmitter profiles, metabolite profiles and other diagnostic investigations in neurotransmitter disorders. *Sample handling requires snap freezing. ‡Measured in either a dried blood spot or the plasma. §Phenylalanine:tyrosine ratio measured at 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after loading. ||Prolactin might not always be increased. Abbreviations: 3-OMD, 3-orthomethyldopa; 5-HIAA, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; 5-HTP, 5-hydroxytryptophan; 5-MTHF, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate; AADC, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase; BH2, dihydrobiopterin; DAT, dopamine transporter; DHPR, dihydropteridine reductase; GTP-CH 1, GTP cyclohydrolase 1; HVA, homovanillic acid; MHPG, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol; Phe, phenylalanine; PITX3, pituitary homeobox 3; PNPO, pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate oxygenase; PTPS, 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase. Ng, J. et al. (2015) Monoamine neurotransmitter disorders—clinical advances and future perspectives Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2015.172