Warm-Up 4/5/17 and 4/6/17 What is an invasive species? Describe the different ways in which invasive species arrive in a new area. How can invasive species affect native populations? Describe an example of mutualism. Describe an example of commensalism.

Where we have been… Where we are going… Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with each other AND their environment. We have focused on interactions with each other Predator/prey Energy flow Competition and Invasive Species Symbiosis Now we will focus on interactions with their environment.

Activation Video: HOW WOLVES CHANGE RIVERS Case Study: How Wolves Change Rivers https://vimeo.com/86466357

Objective: I will be able to describe how resource availability affects populations as evidenced by analyzing and interpreting the data from the “Oh Deer” Lab. Resource Availability 4-5-17 and 4-6-17 Pg. 81

How Many Organisms can be Sustained in an Ecosystem? Limiting Factors: Biotic and abiotic factors that prevent the continuous growth of a population

Carrying Capacity Carrying Capacity is the total amount of organisms that can be sustained in an ecosystem (Average of high and low values). What is this amount determined by? The amount of resources that are available!

What are Resources? A resource is something that is used to satisfy the requirements of organisms. EX: Water, Food, Shelter, space

Water – Our Most Important Resource! Cooking Washing Use large amounts for: Agriculture Manufacturing Mining Energy production Waste disposal Use of freshwater is increasing

Distribution of Water Only 2.5% of water on earth is freshwater 2% is in the form of ice! Only ~0.5% of water on earth is available freshwater

Colorado River bed in Mexico How do you think it affect the ecosystem?

Water Problems It is unevenly distributed and some places lack stable runoff Animals in nature are greatly impacted Problems: Climate Change type and distribution of precipitation (rain) Creeks and streams dry up, therefore less water for organisms to drink; populations die off Sea level rising will cause saltwater intrusion into drinking water supplies Population Growth Increase in population means an increase in freshwater requirements Limits drinking water available

Food What an organism consumes for energy Humans, other animals, and environmental conditions can alter what is available Competition Invasive species Hunting Fishing Natural disasters

Shelter/Habitat Where a organism lives; space available for a population to live Human activities play a large role in altering shelter availability Development Damming rivers Clear-cutting forests

Sometimes humans use resources from nature… Can you think of examples? Is there a way to categorize these resources?

Renewable vs. Nonrenewable Resources A natural resource that cannot be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its use. We use it faster than it can be re-made Examples: nuclear energy, coal, petroleum, and gas A natural resource that can be replenished in a short period of time. Often a resource renews so fast that it will have regenerated by the time you have used it up. Examples: solar, geothermal, wind, biomass, water

TWIG Twig: Resources

Analysis Questions Name 3 essential components of a habitat (things animals need) What caused an increase in deer during the activity? What caused a decrease in deer during the activity? Explain why wildlife populations never stay the same but are continually changing?