Internet2: an update Heather Boyles, Director, International Relations, Internet2 Heather@internet2.edu APAN meeting Phuket, Thailand January 22-24, 2002 This is a general overview presentation about Internet2. Internet2 is a consortium, led by US universities, which is recreating the partnership among academia, industry and government that fostered today’s Internet in its infancy.

Outline Quick Review of Internet2 areas of activity/projects Internet2 network infrastructure update Internet2 middleware initiative progress and plans 11/20/2018

Who is Internet2? 190 U.S. universities 60+ for-profit corporations ~40 research labs/regional networking organizations 36 international partners ~50 staff funded by membership dues 11/20/2018

Internet2 Mission Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet. This is the Internet2 mission. 11/20/2018

Internet2 Goals 1) Enable development and use of new generation of applications 2) Provide infrastructure (network, middleware) to support #1 3) Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet These are the three primary goals of Internet2. 11/20/2018

Internet2 Focus Areas Advanced Applications Middleware Engineering Advanced Network Infrastructure These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on. 11/20/2018

Quick Applications Update Goals: Understand and communicate applications requirements Facilitate collaboration of key user communities Help develop key apps components where needed Recent Activity: Internet2 Commons: large collaborative environment first focus: VIDEnet H.323 architecture New working groups: HENP, working with NEESGrid 11/20/2018

Quick Engineering Update IPv6 Small, tutorial workshops around the country (6 this year) to promote deployment End to End Performance Initiative E2E Performance Measurement workshop: next week in Tempe, AZ Growing Knowledge Base of performance issues/solutions at: http://www.internet2.edu/e2epi/ 11/20/2018

Internet2 Network Infrastructure - Overview Campus Regional/State Gigapop Backbone vBNS Abilene International Connections 11/20/2018

Internet2 Interconnect Network Architecture Internet2 Interconnect Cloud GigaPoP One Regional Network University C Commercial Internet Connections University B University A This diagram illustrates a possible ways universities access the high-performance and commercial networks 11/20/2018

Abilene background & milestones Abilene is a UCAID project in partnership with Qwest Communications (SONET & DWDM service) Nortel Networks (SONET kit) Cisco Systems (routers) Indiana University (network operations) ITECs in North Carolina and Ohio (test and evaluation) Timeline Apr 1998: Project announced at White House Jan 1999: Production status for network Oct 1999: IP version of HDTV (215 Mbps) over Abilene Apr 2001: First state education network added Jun 2001: Participation reaches all 50 states & D.C. Nov 2001: Raw HDTV/IP (1.5 Gbps) over Abilene Partnerships are the foundation of how the Internet developed and they are also a part of the foundation of Internet2. 11/20/2018

Abilene – January, 2002 IP-over-SONET (OC-48c) backbone 53 direct connections 3 OC-48c connections - NCNI will be the 4th 1 Gigabit Ethernet trial - MREN 23 will connect via at least OC-12c (622 Mbps) by 1Q02 207 participants – research universities & labs All 50 states, District of Columbia, & Puerto Rico 15 regional GigaPoPs support ~70% of participants Expanded access 37 sponsored participants 18 state education networks (SEGPs) 11/20/2018

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Future of Abilene Original UCAID/Qwest MoU amended on October 1, 2001 Extension of Qwest’s original commitment to Abilene for another 5 years – 10/01/2006 Originally expired March, 2003 Upgrade of Abilene backbone to optical transport capability - ’s x4 increase in the core backbone bandwidth OC-48c SONET (2.5 Gbps) to 10-Gbps DWDM Capability for flexible provisioning of ’s to support future point-to-point experimentation & other projects 11/20/2018

Key aspects of next backbone - I Native IPv6 Motivations Resolving IPv4 address exhaustion issues Preservation of the original End-to-End Architecture model p2p collaboration tools, reverse trend to CO-centrism International collaboration Router and host OS capabilities Run natively - concurrent with IPv4 Replicate multicast deployment strategy Close collaboration with Internet2 IPv6 Working Group on regional and campus v6 rollout Addressing architecture 11/20/2018

Key aspects of the backbone - II Network resiliency Abilene ’s will not be protected a la SONET Increasing use of videoconferencing/VoIP impose tighter restoration requirements (<100 ms) Options: Currently: MPLS/TE fast reroute Would prefer IP-based IGP fast convergence Addition of new measurement capabilities Enhance active probing Latency & jitter, loss, TCP throughput Add passive measurement taps Support of Internet2 End-to-End Performance Initiative Intermediate performance beacons 11/20/2018

Abilene backbone - upgrade 11/20/2018

Regional optical fanout Next generation architecture: Regional & state based optical networking projects are critical three-level hierarchy: Backbone, GigaPoPs/ARNs, campuses Leading examples CENIC ONI (California), I-WIRE (Illinois), SURA Crossroads (Southeastern U.S), Indiana, Ohio Collaboration with the Quilt Regional Optical Networking project U.S. carrier DWDM access is now not nearly as widespread as with SONET circa 1998 11/20/2018

Conclusions Abilene future UCAID’s partnership with Qwest extended through 2006 Backbone to be upgraded to 10-Gbps in three phases starting spring 2002 Capability for flexible  provisioning in support of future experimentation in optical networking Overall approach to the new technical design and business plan is for an incremental, non-disruptive transition Follow-on network most likely will be developed around a national dark fiber facility and will utilize next generation optical transport technology 11/20/2018

Internet2 Focus Areas Advanced Network Infrastructure Middleware Engineering Advanced Applications Partnerships These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on. 11/20/2018

What is Middleware? Specialized networked services shared by applications and users Permit scaling of applications and networks Take the complexity out of application integration Second layer of the IT infrastructure, above the network Where technology meets policy What networks designers and applications developers each do not want to do! 11/20/2018

Core vs. Upper/Network 11/20/2018

Middleware Core middleware elements: Authentication Identification Authorization Directories Security Middleware is a layer of software between the network and applicaitons 11/20/2018

Why Middleware? Internet2 goal provide environment in which new/advanced applications can be developed and used Middleware is the next layer of infrastructure that needs to be taken for granted by applications developers 11/20/2018

Internet2 Middleware Initiative Focus on core middleware as infrastructure Interoperability 190 universities will never buy the same software Getting stuff implemented Best practices Integrate into campus infrastructure Discourage ‘islands’ of middleware infrastructure E.g. core mware just for this grid project Enable community to share resources Grid, remote instruments, shared classes 11/20/2018

Initiative Structure MACE: community members providing overall guidance Early Adopters: small group of institutions Engage early in implementation Share best practices with rest of members E.g. LDAP recipe, eduPerson Projects: develop particular pieces of mware infrastructure 11/20/2018

Shibboleth Project Goal: Support inter-institutional sharing of resources Focus: Authenticate locally for access to shared, licensed resources at another campus Scenario: Student at Stanford taking class at MIT needs to access licensed materials (journals) at MIT for class Bottom line: MIT doesn’t issue new userid/password, trusts Stanford authentication 11/20/2018

Shibboleth Architecture Concepts - High Level Browser Pass content if user is allowed Target Web Server Authorization Phase Authentication Phase First Access - Unauthenticated Origin Site Target Site 11/20/2018

Shibboleth progress Beta testing with a few schools in February Code will be available this summer IBM supporting coding effort Open source implementation Leverages existing campus authentication processes/software Ultimately develop ‘Club Shib’ – group of universities in trust relationship 11/20/2018

Video Middleware (VidMid) Focus: provide desktop clients with config file (analagous to config file for email client) Point client to directory (find the person you want to videoconference with) Point client to authentication services (assure the person you’re calling that you are who you say you are) 11/20/2018

VidMid progress Will build on directories and authentication work Includes an international outreach: Egon Verharen (SURFNET) Availability: by this summer, some infrastructure in place? 11/20/2018

How does Internet2 middleware fit with other initiatives? Grid middleware Upper versus core Application specific versus campus infrastructure Virtual organization versus federated administration Internet2 and grid efforts working together National Science Foundation’s National Middleware Infrastructure Initiative Explicitly funded both grid group and Internet2 consortium to fit these two viewpoints together 11/20/2018

What about industry? Internet2 community is diverse 190 universities will NEVER buy the same software Need interoperability!!! Industry, generally, doesn’t see interoperability as positive to its bottom line (e.g. Microsoft) Internet2 middleware projects rely on industry implementations Goal: work with us 11/20/2018

APAN and Internet2 and middleware Information, Documentation at: http://middleware.internet2.edu/ Opportunities to implement project results: Shibboleth – June/July 2002 Parallel thinking on how campuses in APAN area are preparing? Review Early Adopters best practices docs eduPerson object class specification (EuroPerson?) Engage in Working Groups 11/20/2018

More Internet2 Information On the Web www.internet2.edu Email info@internet2.edu For more information about Internet2, please see these web sites, or contact info@internet2.edu directly by email. 11/20/2018

www.internet2.edu