Light & Vision: Accessory Structures → Receptor Cells

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Presentation transcript:

Light & Vision: Accessory Structures → Receptor Cells Eyespots & Eyecups (Ocelli) flatworm microvilli (rhodopsin) photoreceptors Light/Dark + Direction pigment insect screens light from behind Image Forming Eyes Short Wavelength = Spatial Resolution Pinhole (Diffraction) Mirror Refractive Compound retina lens • various focusing systems • low resolution • high sensitivity • high resolution • wide/deep field

Light & Vision: Receptor Cells → Light Absorption Photoreceptors: membrane bound pigments Cones Rods lamellae rods • multiple Opsins diff absorption max humans = 3 shrimp = 10 • single Rhodopsin • insensitive to red • signal processing: - ‘Intensity’ only (monchromatic) • signal processing: red + green = ‘Intensity’ differences = ‘Color’ • low sensitivity, high resolution (fovea) • high sensitivity, low resolution synapses • not many blue! • bleach rapidly = night vision + chromatic aberration = poor acuity in blue light compound eyes @ 90° orientation? => Polarized Light!

Light & Vision: Light Absorption → Receptor Potentials ‘Dark Current’ Channel Na+ out Edark = ~ 0 mV in cGMP G G lammela K+ light PDE GMP rhodopsin Em bleach & recycle Retinal dark + Light EK (odorant receptors!) Hyperpolarizing Receptor Potential! (Invertebrates = Depolarize!) ‘Dark Current’ integration by brain = vision integration by retina ‘hyper- polarized’ ‘depolarized’ ⇓glutamate => excites & inhibits neurons! glutamate