Imperialism in Southeast Asia Unit 6, SSWH 15 d
Forms of Control - colony, protectorate, sphere of influence, economic imperialism Types of Management: Indirect and direct Indirect: limited self-rule, legislative body (local & foreign officials) Direct (2): Paternalism: Provide for locals but grant no rights Assimilation: adaptation of locals to ruling culture
Race to Claim Pacific Rim Pacific Rim: Lands of Southeast Asia that border Pacific Ocean - establish trading ports (location) - land perfect for plantation agriculture (natural resources)
Indochina French directly control Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia Export rice, angering Vietnamese
Colonial Impact Modernization: helps European businesses Improve: Education, health, sanitation Millions migrate to Southeast Asia to work in mines, plantations Colonialism leads to racial & religious clashes
Siam Remains Independent King Mongkut modernizes country: - starts schools - reforms legal system - reorganizes government - builds transportation & telegraph systems - ends slavery
U.S. Imperialism in the Pacific Islands U.S. gains Philippines after Spanish-American War • Emilio Aguinaldo leads Filipino nationalists against U.S. rule • U.S. defeats three-year nationalist revolt (1902) Focus on cash crops leads to food shortages
Hawaii Becomes a Republic Americans establish sugar-cane plantations on Hawaii • By mid-1800s, sugar accounts for 75 percent of Hawaii’s wealth • U.S. business leaders want annexation—adding territory to country • Queen Liliuokalani tries to restore Hawaiian control • U.S. annexes Republic of Hawaii (1898)