Notes Section 2.2: States of Matter Matter and Energy

What are the 4 states of Matter? Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

The 3 States of Matter: Characteristics

How do you change a state of matter?

Melting The process by which a solid becomes a liquid.

Molecular Movement of Melting Particles are vibrating Particles break loose and slide past one another. SOLID LIQUID Heat gives particles ENERGY

Melting Point The lowest temperature at which a substance begins to melt.

Melting Points Nitrogen -345.82 F Oxygen -361.12 F Iron 2795.0 F Carbon 6332.0 F Helium -457.6 F Sodium 207.9 F

Freezing The process by which a liquid becomes a solid.

Molecular Movement of Freezing LIQUID SOLID The heat leaves…and the energy from the particles decreases…creating a solid

Are these items frozen?

Freezing Point The temperature at which a specific liquid becomes a solid.

Time to Think! What is the relationship between a substance’s melting point and freezing point? They are the same temperature!

Evaporation The process by which a liquid becomes a gas.

Molecular Movement of Evaporation …and get a gas Add heat to a liquid…

Word Study The root of the word evaporation is ____________, a Latin word meaning _____________________. vapor steam

Sublimation The process by which a solid changes directly to a gas.

Boiling The process by which a liquid becomes a gas and produces bubbles.

Molecular Movement of Boiling Why does the liquid in the first picture evaporate when no heat is added?

Boiling Point The temperature at which a substance changes from its liquid state to its gas state.

Condensation The process by which a gas changes its state to become a liquid. Beads of water that have condensed from the surrounding air.

Molecular Movement of Condensation The heat leaves… and the energy from the particles decreases…creating a liquid GAS LIQUID

Word Study The root of the word condensation is ______________, which comes from a Latin word meaning ____________________. condense to thicken

02 02 Bullet Point Sub Bullet

03

04 Text and lines are like this Table Hyperlinks like this Visited hyperlinks like this 04 Text box With shadow Table