PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 Automotive Technology Suspension & Steering Lesson 1 “beginning steering” 1 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 Bellwork In your notebook respond to the following prompt: Think back to a time when you were riding a bike or a skateboard. Did you ever have a problem steering? What do you think affected the difficulty of steering? Share with a partner and be ready to answer when called upon. 2 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 Introduction Today we are going to be defining, identifying and explaining steering systems and components. 3 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 Objectives Before you leave today you will be able to: Define terms Identify and explain steering systems Explain principles of steering Describe rack-and-pinion steering Identify rack-and-pinion steering system components Identify recirculating ball and nut steering system components 4 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Rotary motion movement in a circular direction   5 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Linear motion movement in a straight line   6 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Rack-and-pinion type of steering system used on the majority of new passenger vehicles and many light trucks   7 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Recirculating ball & nut (worm gear) type of steering system used on heavier vehicles   8 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Reaction force causes suspension systems to react to road conditions   9 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 9

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Sprung weight or mass vehicle weight that is supported by the suspension system   10 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 10

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Unsprung weight or mass vehicle weight that is not supported by the suspension system   11 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 11

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Wheel unit location wheel alignment in relation to the other wheels and the vehicle frame   12 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 12

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary Steering shaft I = Information M = Memory Strategy Steering wheel transfers rotary motion from the driver to the steering shaft   13 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 13

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Steering shaft transfers rotary motion from the steering wheel to the steering gearbox   14 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 14

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Steering column supports steering wheel and steering shaft   15 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 15

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Steering linkage a combination of rods, and arms, that transmit the movement of the steering gear to the wheels   16 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 16

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy (Ball) Joint swivel connections mounted in the outer ends of the front control arms, and on the steering track rods and tie-rods   17 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 17

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Bushing act as a bearing at suspension fulcrum points, to allow for movement of the component, while maintaining its alignment   18 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 18

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Solid axle reaches from hub to hub; usually transmits power to the wheels (live)   19 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 19

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Dead axle does not transmit power to the wheels   20 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 20

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Macpherson strut coil spring and shock absorber formed into a single unit   21 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 21

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Independent suspension allows for wheels on the same axle to operate individually   22 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 22

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Coil spring spiral wound steel wire   23 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 23

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Leaf spring flexible arched metal usually layered with different lengths   24 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 24

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Shackle leaf spring attachment to a vehicle’s frame   25 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 25

PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 K.I.M. Vocabulary K = Key Word I = Information M = Memory Strategy Torsion bar straight bar that allows spring action by twisting around its center   26 PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 26

Upper arm Location: above lower arm Connects to the vehicle and the steering knuckle

Lower Arm Location: under the upper arm Connects to the frame and the steering knuckle

Steering Knuckle Location: directly behind the tire Connects to: upper and lower arm, brake system and tires

Ball Joint Allows the tires to flex back and forth and move with the road conditions Commonly wear out Connects to the upper and lower arm and they are bolted to the steering knuckle

Idler arm Stabilizes the steering system to the frame of the vehicle

Pitman arm Connect the gear box to the steering system

Sway Bar While turning, this item keeps your vehicle from body roll

Sway bar links Connect sway bar to lower control arm or strut

Tie rods Inner and outer tie rods are connected by an adjustment sleeve. Purpose is to be able to adjust toe on a vehicle

Strut Dampens road vibrations Connects to the upper inner fender and lower arms Has a spring built into it

Shock Dampens road vibration No spring attached Spring goes around the shock on a separate mount Attaches to lower arm and upper inner fender

Steering box Allows motion from the steering wheel to be moved to the wheels Location: at the end of the steering shaft

Rack and Pinion Worm gears or pinion gears Allow the steering wheel to tranfer turning to the wheels Location: under the engine from left to right

Leaf spring Dampens road vibration Typically on heavy trucks Most common on the rear of vehicles, but some trucks have them on the front as well

Coil Spring Located on the strut or around a shock absorber Dampens road vibration