Statistics on crime and criminal justice, Eurostat Working group meeting, 19–20 February 2009, Luxemburg Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics – 2006 SPACE Survey Marcelo F. Aebi & Natalia Delgrande

2006 SPACE Survey Marcelo F. Aebi & Natalia Stadnic (Delgrande) 48 States answered the questionnaire 1,790,000 prisoners 220 prisoners per 100,000 population Average rate: 147 prisoners per 100,000 population Median rate: 114 prisoners per 100,000 population Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Prison population rates per 100,000 inhabitants on 1st September 2006 Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Classification by prison population rates (from high rates to low rates) Eastern Europe (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Romania, and Moldova) Caucasian area (Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) Central Europe (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovak Republic, Germany, and Austria) Western Europe (United Kingdom, France, Monaco, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Switzerland) South-Eastern Europe and the Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia, and Turkey) Southern Europe (Spain, Portugal, Italy, Malta, Cyprus, Greece, and Slovenia) Scandinavian Countries (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, and Iceland) Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Methodology Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Methodology Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Decrease of more than 5% (2005-6) Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Increase of more than 5% (2005-6) Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Evolution (in %) of prison population rates between 2000 and 2006, adjusted annual variation Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Evolution (in %) of prison population rates between 2000 and 2005 Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Prison population rates (2005) vs Prison population rates (2005) vs. Evolution (in %) of prison population rates (2000-5) Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Percentage of foreign prisoners Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Percentage of foreign prisoners Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Foreign prisoners Most of the countries that present the highest percentage of foreigners in prisons are below the European average of prisoners per 100,000 population (147) and even below the median rate (114). One hypothetical explanation for this situation is that countries with a relatively high number of foreign prisoners tend to send less national citizens to prison (e.g. they may use alternatives to imprisonment for some of their citizens). Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Switzerland: Composition of the prison population (1983-2006) Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Spain: Composition of the prison population (1983-2006) Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009

Stock, flow and average length of detention Prof. Marcelo F. Aebi - Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics 2006 19/02/2009