Characteristics of DNA

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Presentation transcript:

Characteristics of DNA

DNA Composition 4 different nukleotides (A, T, C, G) Each nucleotide comprises of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base The sugar molecule in the DNA is deoxyribose (Ribose in RNA) Uracil is replaced with thymine in RNA

DNA Composition A & G purines C & T pirimidines [purines] = [pirimidines] [A] = [T] ; [C] = [G] A/T base pairs contains 2 hydrogen bonds C/G base pairs contains 3 hydrogen bonds

Structure of DNA Double-stranded helicoidal structure Strands are in opposite direction and antiparallel to each other Complementary strands are bounded with hydrogen bonds to each other Strands have complementary sequences

Structure of an Nucleotide Adenosine Mono Phosphate (AMP) OH HO Phosphate NH2 N Base - H+ OH O CH2 Sugar H 2’ 3’ 4’ 5’ 1’ Nukleotide Nukleoside OH

Purines Pirimidines Uracil CH3 N O NH Thymine N Adenine NH2 NH2 O N NH (RNA) CH3 N O NH Thymine (DNA) N Adenine NH2 NH2 O N NH Guanine N O NH2 Cytosine

Base Pairs Guanine and Cytosine H O N Guanine - N O H Cytosine + + - - +

Base Pairs Adenine and Thymine - + Adenine CH3 N O H + - Thymine

Base Pairs Adenine and Cytosine H Cytosine - + N H - + Adenine

Base Pairs Guanine and Tyhmine CH3 N O H + - Tyhmine H O N Guanine + -