Notes: DNA Structure Topic 2.

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Presentation transcript:

Notes: DNA Structure Topic 2

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are the information molecules of living things. DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid, found in the nucleus of Eukaryotic cells and plasmids of prokaryotic cells. RNA - Ribonucleic acid, found in the nucleus, cytoplasm and ribosomes.

Nucleotides are made of three parts: 1) A nitrogen base 2) A pentose sugar (deoxyribose sugar or ribose sugar) 3) Phosphoric Acid

Basic Structure of DNA Phosphoric Acid Nitrogen Base Deoxyribose Sugar

The four nitrogen bases in DNA are: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine

DNA nucleotides are linked together by covalent bonds into a single strand.

DNA is a double helix or twisted ladder consisting of two DNA is a double helix or twisted ladder consisting of two polynucleotide strands paired together at the bases by hydrogen bonds. Bases always pair up the same way, this is known as complimentary base pairing. Always: Adenine with Thymine Cytosine with Guanine

Draw and label a simple diagram of the molecular structure of DNA Draw and label a simple diagram of the molecular structure of DNA. (Minimum of 6 Base Pairs) Nitrogen Base A T Covalent Bond Deoxyribose Sugar Phosphate Group T A C G Hydrogen Bond

This model is 3 base pairs on each side. Assignment: On a blank piece of paper, make an accurate model of DNA. It must be a minimum of 6 base pairs long on each side. This model is 3 base pairs on each side. A T T A C G Neatness and accuracy are important because we will be using this model to replicate DNA.