The three cities shown on this map most likely relied on which industry during the colonial period? A cotton production B coal mining C tobacco farming D shipbuilding

Oregon (OR)—February 14, 1859 Capital: Salem Largest City: Portland Oregon was the last state added before the Civil War (18th free, still 15 slave) Oregon today has a unique state government: Most politicians also have other jobs and meet infrequently, and most bills are approved or denied by statewide votes instead of the legislature

1850-1852 Slavery continued to grow as an issue after the Compromise of 1850 California gave the North 2 extra Senators (32-30) After President Zachary Taylor died, Millard Fillmore became president Fillmore wasn’t able to calm the two sides Whig party didn’t let him run for re-election Franklin Pierce (Democrat) won the 1852 election Defeated Gen. Winfield Scott (Whig) Whig party began to lose its identity

1852-1853 Harriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom’s Cabin Story of Uncle Tom, written as a good Christian, continually being betrayed by his owners Uncle Tom has since become slang for someone who participates in their own oppression, especially based on race Stowe inspires thousands to make a decision on slavery, instead of passively allowing it Becomes the 2nd highest selling book in the 1800s USA Franklin Pierce is an ineffective leader Had major problems in personal life that distracted him as president Example: One of his sons was crushed by a train on the way to Washington, DC. His wife returned home and didn’t join him in DC for over a year

Kansas-Nebraska Act In 1854, Stephen Douglas of Illinois proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act Would split remaining land from Louisiana Purchase into 2 territories: Kansas & Nebraska Douglas hoped to get support for creating a transcontinental railroad through Chicago Had land there, wanted $$$$$$$$$ To get Southern support, provided for Popular Sovereignty KS and NE could vote to be slave or free territories This effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise

Passing the Act Douglas convinces enough Southerners to support the bill so it passes Almost all “No” votes were from the North Franklin Pierce signs the bill into law Northerners detest the law, saying Pierce (a Northerner himself) had sold out their wishes Southerners welcome the law as an opportunity to expand slavery Politicians threaten each other in debates before and after the act is passed 1856: Sen. Charles Sumner (MA) is beaten into a coma by Congressman Preston Brooks (SC) over an anti-slavery speech

Bleeding Kansas Northerners (Jayhawks) and Southerners (Border Ruffians) flood into Kansas Want to sway the vote Both sides attack the other Destroy property, steal, even commit murder Violent abolitionist John Brown moves to KS He and his sons kill 5 pro-slavery farmers at Pottawatomie Creek with swords Becomes a folk hero in the North and villain in the South

Fallout The Republican Party is founded as an anti-slavery party Founded in Jackson, MI The Whig and Democratic parties split over slavery and the Whig Party disappears Northerners mostly join the Republican Party Southerners join the Democratic Party Slavery becomes a key issue in the 1856 Presidential Election John C. Fremont (R) loses to James Buchanan (D), but gets 1/3 of the vote (mostly the North) Buchanan chosen as a candidate because he has no ties to the Kansas-Nebraska Act “Know Nothing” Party candidate Millard Fillmore gets some votes advocating anti-immigrant ideas, ignoring slavery