The World’s Ugliest Fish Placodermi The World’s Ugliest Fish

Placodermi Presentation Vocabulary Placodermi Presentation

Placodermi pronounced: plac-o-derm Any of a class (Placodermi) of extinct chiefly Devonian fishes with an armor of bony plates and primitive jaw structures. An ancient fish existing during the Devonian period of time. It was a jawed fish that went extinct during the Hangenberg. The Placodermi are my favorite group of prehistoric fish.

Pectoral Fins pronounced: pec-tor-al fin Each of a pair of fins situated on either side just behind a fish's head, helping to control the direction of movement during locomotion. They correspond to the forelimbs of other vertebrates. The side fins of a fish used to control the movement. The fish used pectoral fins to change directions while swimming.

Orogeny pronounced: aw-ROJ-uh-nee The process of mountain making or upheaval. When plate tectonics come together to make mountains. The orogeny that caused the Rainer Mountains were a blessing to Washington State.

Invertebrate pronounced: in-VUR-tuh-brit An animal without vertebrae. An animal without a backbone, such as a starfish or squid. The starfish is an example of an invertebrate animal.

Prolonged pronounced: pro-longd Continuing for a long period of time. Something that occurs over the course of much time. The test was very prolonged, due to the delay.

The World’s Ugliest Fish Placodermi The World’s Ugliest Fish

What Do They Look Like

What is a Placoderm?1 2 Ancient Fish Head shield, soft body From the Devonian Period Among the first Jawed fish

The Anatomy of the Placoderm

Pictures Killed the Megalodon!

What have they evolved to? Turtle Like Reptiles Modern day fish

When Were They?

When?3 Caledonian Orogeny Late Devonian

MASS EXTINCTION!

Mass Extinction! 2nd of the “Big Five” mass extinctions. Prolonged period of animals and plants species slowly dying due to CO2 reduction. Affected… 70% of invertebrate species Jawless Fish (Not the Placoderms!) Coral Reefs Trilobites

When they went extinct...

Hangenberg Event5 Late Devonian extinction marked by black shale. Due to rapid sea level fall, Placoderms become extinct. 358.9 million years ago

Annotated Bibliography 1 Encyclopedia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/animal/placoderm Encyclopedia Britannica, an encyclopedia for schools and libraries. Credibility Score: 8 I recognize the name, and it is trusted by many schools, so it is likely to be credible. 2 UCMP. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/basalfish/placodermi.html University of California Museum of Paleontology A college website and a museum, so I’m assuming that they check their facts. 3 Live Science. http://www.livescience.com/43596-devonian-period.html A web magazine dedicated to the latest findings in science. Credibility Score: 7 It’s a magazine, so I can’t say that it’s 100% credible, but they seem to check their sources, as well as list the author(s).

Annotated Bibliography 4 Dep. of Paleobiology at the Smithsonian. http://paleobiology.si.edu/geotime/main/devonian4.html The Department of Paleobiology at the Smithsonians, a branch of the Smithsonian website. Credibility Score: 8 Not directly on the the Smithsonian website, and doesn’t look super professional. Although, I trust the source because it is from the Smithsonian museums. 5 Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2015/11/13/after-mass-extinctions-the-meek-fish-inherit-the-earth/ Newspaper for Washington DC. Credibility Score: 5 Newspaper, not scientific journal. Has one author.