Onno W. Purbo Onno@indo.net.id Clash of Paradigm Onno W. Purbo Onno@indo.net.id

Disclaimer .. I am a trained Engineer, not an economist, regulator nor a social scientist I tend to simplify things & may be wrong Some thought may be too extreme Consider this as an on going research work

Acknowledgment .. Thank you to my friends: Basuki Suhardiman, Donny BU, Bona, Heru Nugroho, Michael Sunggiardi, Johar Alam, Agustinus Surandar, Judhi Prasetyo, Ase, Agustinus Sutandar, Judith, Didin, Sumaryo, etc .. Who work hard to help the community.

Main Stream

Basic Assumption Technology Expensive Specialized Skilled Licensed from Gov’t Invest by Investors Build by Vendor etc Run by Operator For user / customer

Indonesian Telecomm Act

Assumed Structured

License Requirement Licensed? From? Network Yes Minister Service Reseller No, Agreement w/ Operator -

Implanted Divide .. Operators vs. users. Investors vs. users. Haves vs. the have not. one close to regulator vs. common people. one close to operator vs. common people. one close to political leaders vs. common people.

Paradigm Shift? .. Or Clash? Old Technology Expensive Specialized Skilled Licensed from Gov’t Invest by Investors Build by Vendor etc Run by Operator For user Future? … Technology Cheaper Technology Friendly From the people People Invest People build Run by People For People

Major Obstacle .. Old paradigm, i.e., only a licensed operator can run the network. No room for community based infrastructure; with homebrew equipment, from people, by people, for people. The bottom line is “money talk”.

Alternate Path ICT4D Chaotic Infrastructure

Guerrilla Telco Warfare .. Basic Strategies: Community Education! Education! knowledge transfer, copyleft. Go for many small but interconnected networks. Self-finance, sustainable  independent community based telecommunication infrastructure.

Basic Philosophy

Filosofi Dasar

Knowledge Cycle

Basic Philosophy Consumer Producer Supply Based  Demand Based

Demand Creation

Cost

Impact

Stereotyping Communities

The Typical ICT Technology Community Radio

The Typical ICT Technology Internet & Computer

Some Real Examples

Community Broadcasting Source Basuki Suhardiman Basuki@itb.ac.id

Community Radio Network in Indonesia Farmer’s Voice Radio Network (JRSP) Fishermen’s Voice Radio Net (JRSN) Worker Voice Radio Network Ina’ Community Radio Net (JRKI) West Java Jakarta

Community Radio Policy Build their Own Radio (FM) Collect money together to build their radio The Gov has released the act/regulation no 32 year 2002 for broadcasting Community radio has been included Only 3 channels allocated

Farmer’s Radio Network (JSRP) Start on 1999 Mostly on West Java Region Lead by Mrs. Ida Hidayat (shown in Fig. With Mr. Dadang owner of Radio Citra Utami FM Cianjur) 600 community radios Using FM radio with Height of antenna max 30 meter Max power 100 watt ERP Max bandwidth 350 Khz Max 36 Km2 coverage area (6Kmx6Km) Typical content Information Education Entertainment

Comp. Lab. For Street Children Source: Donny BU dbu@ictwatch.com

We do more .. Give free talks on Internet in schools Currently 1500+ schools on Internet 24.000+ high schools in Indonesia Mostly Self-Finance Some support Vocational School Director MoE Investment US$2000-US$4000/school 50 cents/student/month – RoI ~1 Year Movement for WiFi City WAN for School in 5 Cities. We are looking at million Indonesian Future Generation ICT Literate Self-Finance

Community Based WiFi + VoIP Infrastructure

Simple Impact Assessment Gov’t Communities CyberCafe Few (?) 2000+ WiFi nodes 50+ (?) 2500+ ISP 1 (?) 120+ Internet Users (?) 4-5 millions Schools 1500+