The Circulatory System

OB14, OB15 Understand the structure and function of the heart, identify the four chambers of the heart, and explain the difference between the left and right ventricles Describe the passage of blood through the heart and lungs via arteries and veins, identify the pulmonary artery and vein, aorta and vena cava, and distinguish between arteries, veins and capillaries

There are THREE types of blood vessels ARTERIES Carry blood away from the heart Thick, muscular, stretchy wall Narrow central tube

VEINS Carry blood towards the heart Thin walls with little muscle Wide central tube Have valves stop the blood flowing backwards

Circulatory system LUNGS Artery – red Vein - blue HEART ARTERY carrying oxygenated blood to leg VEIN carrying deoxygenated blood back to heart

CAPILLARIES carry blood between arteries and veins wall only one cell thick very narrow central tube

All Blood Vessels Artery Veins Capillaries Thick Walls Blood from heart Veins Thin walls Blood to heart Contain valves Capillaries Very thin walls and tube Carry oxygen and food to cells

The Heart Thick muscular walls Divided into 4 chambers Right side pumps blood to lungs Left side pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to ALL parts of body

The heart is divided into FOUR chambers Right Ventricle Right Atrium Left Atrium Left Ventricle The heart is divided into FOUR chambers

The heart has four major blood vessels To lungs To body From body PULMONARY VEIN AORTA PULMONARY Artery VENA CAVA From lungs VENA CAVA The heart has four major blood vessels

Where can we find a pulse? The pulse can be felt at: A healthy heart at rest will beat 70 times every minute The pulse can be felt at:

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Heart

Inside every cell oxygen is added to glucose in RESPIRATION to produce WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE + ENERGY

Draw a flow chart Show the route of a red blood cell Starting at lungs and moving via heart to arm Leaving the arm and returning back to the lungs Labelled oxygenated blood cells (red), deoxygenated blood cells (blue), the heart, lungs, arteries and veins

The Blood The blood has three main purposes Transport stuff around the body (Food, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and Urea) Defence (White Blood Cells) Clotting (Platelets)

Parts of the Blood Plasma – This is the name for the liquid that all the cells float in. Mostly water with Glucose, Protein and Urea dissolved in it.

Parts of the Blood Red Blood Cells – Carry the oxygen around the body. The oxygen combines with HAEMOGLOBIN to turn the blood red. When there is no oxygen in the Haemoglobin it turns purple.

Parts of the Blood White Blood Cells – Eat the bacteria that invade the body. Forming the main part of the IMMUNE SYSTEM. Some can also produce anti-bodies.

Parts of the Blood Platelets – Allow the blood to clot by all rushing to the injury.

All Blood Vessels Artery Veins Capillaries Thick Walls Blood from heart Veins Thin walls Blood to heart Contain valves Capillaries Very thin walls and tube Carry oxygen and food to cells

Left side muscle is thicker as it has to pump the blood to all parts of the body. The right side just takes it to the lungs

Blood Summary Type Function Appearance Plasma Red Blood Cell Carries glucose, protein and waste. Clear Liquid Red Blood Cell Carry Oxygen to cells in Haemoglobin Red or blue White Blood Cell Prevent Disease and attack invaders Many different cells Platelets Clot the blood Fragments of cells

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