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Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.83 Figure 2 The cycle and subcellular distribution of phosphoinositides and Rab GTPases Figure 2 | The cycle and subcellular distribution of phosphoinositides and Rab GTPases. a | The phosphoinositide composition of the subcellular compartments of a proximal tubular epithelial cell. The plasma membrane is characterized by the expression of PI(4,5)P2 and PI(4)P at the apical surface, whereas PI(3,4,5)P3 is enriched at the basolateral side. The early and late endosome are enriched in PI(3)P while PI(3,5)P2 is enriched at late endosomes and lysosomes. PI(4)P is present in the Golgi complex. Autophagosomes are enriched in PI(3)P and autolysosomes in PI(3)P and PI(3,5)P2. Rab proteins are differentially distributed within the different cell compartments. b | The seven different phosphoinositide species can be phosphorylated (arrows) or dephosphorylated (dashed arrows) through various steps. The metabolic steps controlled by OCRL and INPP5B are shown in red. De Matteis, M. A. et al. (2017) The 5‑phosphatase OCRL in Lowe syndrome and Dent disease 2 Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.83