Protein.

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Presentation transcript:

Protein

Protein From Greek “protos” Major component in all animal and plant tissues Made up of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen

Chemical structure - Protein Source: http://minimalpotential.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/3351.png

What exactly is protein? Amino Acids Building blocks for proteins 20 amino acids 11 can be made in the body 9 are essential

Protein’s Role Enzymes Antibodies Hemoglobin Hormones Facilitate and accelerate chemical reactions Antibodies Fight illness Hemoglobin Transport oxygen in the blood Hormones Regulate body functions

Protein’s Role continued Growth and maintenance Help grow and repair body tissues Add structure to body tissues

Digestion & Absorption Source: http://library.thinkquest.org/11226/image/digest.jpg

Recommended amounts 10-35% of intake should be protein Males (18 + y/o): 59-63 grams/day Females (18 + y/o): 44-50 grams/day Calculation: 0.8 gram/kilogram of body weight Infants needs the most protein

Food and protein How do you get protein in your diet? Animal products are the best source Meat, eggs, milk, legumes, grains, vegetables

Complete proteins Supply all essential amino acids in the correct amount for the body to use. Animal proteins are complete

Complementary proteins Plant proteins are incomplete Exception: soybean protein Vegetarians need to eat plant proteins in combination

Too much protein? It is possible to get too much. Extra calories Kidney strain Mineral loss Heart disease Cancer

Choosing proteins What foods do you eat that contain protein? Are there some that are better than others?

Vegetarianism What is vegetarianism? Why become a vegetarian? Scarcity of food Religious beliefs Concern for health or the environment Concerns about animals

Types of vegetarians Semi-vegetarian Pesco-vegetarian Lacto-ovo-vegetarian Lacto-vegetarian Ovo-vegetarian Vegan Fruitarian

Vegetarian Health Benefits Lower risk of heart disease Lower risk of cancer Less likely to be overweight

Vegetarian Health Risks Not getting enough protein Osteoporosis Anemia Choosing foods to eliminate health risks