Paris 1919 Why was it called the Treaty of Versailles? Allied delegates in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles     — National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, Md

The Big Four

THE FOURTEEN POINTS Wilson wanted a “fair” treaty that wouldn’t encourage Germany to seek revenge in the future 1 No secret treaties. 2 Free access to the seas in peacetime or wartime. 3 Free trade between countries. 4 All countries to work towards disarmament. 5 Colonies to have a say in their own future. 6 German troops to leave Russia. 7 Independence for Belgium. 8 France to regain Alsace–Lorraine. 9 Frontier between Austria and Italy to be adjusted. 10 Self-determination for the peoples of eastern Europe (they should rule themselves). 11 Serbia to have access to the sea. 12 Self-determination for the people in the Turkish Empire. 13 Poland to become an independent state with access to the sea. 14 League of Nations to be set up.

SIX TERMS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES [memory word: GARGLE] Guilt – clause 231: Germany accepted blame ‘for causing all the loss and damage’ of the war. Army – army: 100,000/ no submarines/ no aeroplanes/ 6 battleships/ Rhineland de-militarised Reparations – £6,600 million ($13 billion) – in instalments, until 1984). Germany lost land – Alsace-Lorraine to France/ Saar to France (15 years)/ West Prussia and Upper Silesia to Poland/ Danzig a ‘free city’/ German colonies became ‘mandates’ of the League of Nations. League of Nations set up. Extra points – forbade Anschluss/ Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania independent states.

In the US…. Read in the “League of Nations Pt.2” scanned p.6-17 from “The Treaty at Home” Identify the 3 groups that formed in the Senate to debate the treaty Briefly summarize each of their arguments Find a quote or two that you think clearly define(s) each groups view or argument on the issue

Ques5: What were the arguments for and against the ratification of the Versailles Treaty? Include why it ultimately failed.