Elements and Principles of Design

A set of techniques that describe ways of presenting artwork. Elements A set of techniques that describe ways of presenting artwork.

LINE A mark on a surface that describes a shape or outline. It can create texture or shape and can be thick and thin. 

Creates Images

Creates Depth and Perspective

Creates Movement

Creates Dimensional Form

Creates Contrast and Interest

What to you feel when you look at this and why? Creates Emotion

Refers to specific hues. COLOUR Refers to specific hues.

Creates Focus

Imagine…. What colours do you think this painting has?

What mood is created with this image and what colours add to this? Were you right? What do you think gave you that impression? Creates Mood What mood is created with this image and what colours add to this?

Imagine…. What colours do you think this painting has and why?

Were you right? What gave you that impression?

Imagine…. What colours do you think this painting has and why?

Were you right? What gave you that impression?

Imagine…. What colours do you think this painting has and why?

Were you right? What gave you that impression?

Imagine…. What colours do you think this painting has and why?

Were you right? What gave you that impression?

TEXTURE Surface quality, either tactile or visual. Texture can be real or implied by different uses of media. It is the degree of roughness or smoothness in objects.

Creates a Sensory Experience

How do you feel when you look at this and why? Creates Mood How do you feel when you look at this and why?

How do you feel when you look at this and why? Portrays Emotion How do you feel when you look at this and why?

SHAPE A 2-dimensional line with no form or thickness. Shapes are flat and can be grouped into two categories, geometric and organic.

Creates Form

Creates a Story

FORM A 3-dimensional object having volume and thickness. It is the illusion of a 3-D effect that can be implied with the use of light and shading techniques.  Form can be viewed from many angles.

Creates Depth

Creates Realism

What does form accomplish here?

Allows for the visual effect of Form. VALUE Sometimes combined with color, value describes the lightness (tint) or darkness (shade) of a color. Allows for the visual effect of Form.

Creates Contrast

Creates Depth

Creates Realism

What does value accomplish here?

What does value accomplish here?

Refers to variations in the proportions of objects, lines or shapes. SIZE Refers to variations in the proportions of objects, lines or shapes.

Where is your eye drawn to in this image and why? Creates Focus Where is your eye drawn to in this image and why?

Where is your eye drawn to in this image and why?

Where is your eye drawn to in this image and why?

How do you feel when you look at this image and why? Creates Emotion How do you feel when you look at this image and why?

SPACE The use of space and room in a piece of art. Positive space is the space taken up by objects. Negative space is the distance between objects.

How do you feel when you look at this image and why? Creates Mood/Emotion How do you feel when you look at this image and why?

How do you feel when you look at this image and why?

How do you feel when you look at this image and why?

How do you feel when you look at this image and why?

How do you feel when you look at this image and why?

How do you feel when you look at this image and why?

Principles Laws of Design

EMPHASIS Emphasis (also called focal point) is where the focus is concentrated through design principles or meaning. It makes an element or object in a work stand out. To use emphasis in an artwork is to attract the viewer's eyes to a place of special importance in an artwork.

Richard Doyle – “The Fairy Queen Takes an Airy Drive” 1870 What is emphasized here and how?

John William Waterhouse – “Boreas” 1902 What is emphasized here and how?

BALANCE Balance is arranging elements so that no one part of a work overpowers, or seems heavier than any other part. Two different kinds of balance are symmetrical and asymmetrical. Symmetrical (or formal) balance is when both sides of an artwork, if split down the middle, appear to be the same.

Andrew Wyeth – “Christina’s World” Asymmetrical (or informal) balance is when both sides of an artwork, if split down the middle, appear to be the same. Andrew Wyeth – “Christina’s World” 1948

Gustav Klimt – “The Tree of Life” 1909

Hokusai – “Great Wave off Kanagawa” 1832

UNITY HARMONY The quality of wholeness or oneness that is achieved through the effective use of the elements and principles of art. How is unity created here?

Paul Ranson - “Apple Tree with Red Fruit” How is unity created here? Paul Ranson - “Apple Tree with Red Fruit” 1902

Salvador Dali – “Galatea of Spheres” How is unity created here? Salvador Dali – “Galatea of Spheres” 1952

VARIETY CONTRAST The quality or state of having different forms or types. The differences which give a design visual and conceptual interest: notably use of contrast, emphasis, difference in size and color.

Salvador Dali – “Landscape with Butterflies” How is contrast created here? Salvador Dali – “Landscape with Butterflies” 1958

Vincent van Gogh – “Café Terrace at Night” How is contrast created here? Vincent van Gogh – “Café Terrace at Night” 1888

MOVEMENT Action, or alternatively, the path the viewer's eye follows throughout an artwork.

Vincent van Gogh – “Mulberry Tree” 1889

Joseph Mallord William Turner – “Snow Storm” What does movement add to this artwork? Joseph Mallord William Turner – “Snow Storm” 1812

PATTERNRHYTHM Pattern and rhythm is showing consistency with colors or lines. It is indicating movement by the repetition of elements. Rhythm can make an artwork seem active.

Patrick Raymond – “Rhythm 2”

Oliver Ray – “The Dancers” What element creates movement here? Oliver Ray – “The Dancers”

Purpose of Elements and Principles of Art When designing an artwork, whether it is a painting, a piece of music, a stage set, or a dance, the Elements and Principles of Design must be used to achieve certain effects.

● Influence the direction of the viewer's gaze LINE ● Create shape, form, movement, or texture ● Influence the direction of the viewer's gaze

Horizontal lines - gives the impression of calm, tranquility, and space. Vertical lines - impression of height, and grandeur. Tightly angled convergent lines - dynamic, lively, and active effect to the image.

Curved lines - create a sense of flow within - more aesthetically pleasing -associated with soft things. Straight lines - dynamic

Colour

Colours Determine Setting Write down the following colours and fill out what setting they could infer if used in a set Red: __________________ Blue: _________________ Yellow: ________________ Purple: ________________ Orange: _________________ Black: __________________ Green: __________________

Colour Creates Emotion Write down the following colours and fill out what emotion you believe could correspond to it: Red: __________________ Blue: _________________ Yellow: ________________ Purple: ________________ Orange: _________________ Black: __________________ Green: __________________

Colours Create Focus Warm colours POP Cool colours regress Highly saturated colours POP “Watered Down” colours regress

Colours Create Contrast

Colors opposite each other on the colour wheel create maximum contrast. Write a list of colours which would add contrast to each other

Colours Create Unity Using colours next to each other on the colour wheel create unity in an image

Create a list of colours on the colour wheel that are next to each other and would create unity