Accidents and learning from accidents Group 2 Break-out session 1 Accidents and learning from accidents Group 2

Questions for discussion B1-1 REPORTING: Main Question: What is your legal requirement and trigger for reporting accidental initiations of explosions and pyrotechnics (and fireworks); quantity involved, consequence? How and to whom are they reported; centrally or locally? What proportion of significant incidents go unreported; i.e. reported by others such as the public? Are there differences between the explosives and the pyrotechnics/fireworks industries?   B1-2 INVESTIGATION: Main Question: Who investigates reported explosions; the company, your inspectors, specialists? Is there a legal obligation on companies to investigate their own explosions? Are investigations carried out independently or jointly? How are they carried out; tools, forensic investigation, technical and SMS failures? Do the investigations address underlying as well as the direct causes? B1-3 LESSONS LEARNED: Main Question: What are the most important lessons learned from explosives and pyrotechnics incidents in your country; technical, procedural, SMS and cultural? What are the lessons? How are these lessons shared with others; databases; company reports; safety bulletins – company internal, industry external, regulator; across the EU? How are these bulletins and information used; training, education?

B 1-1 Reporting Main Question: What is your legal requirement and trigger for reporting accidental initiations of explosions and pyrotechnics (and fireworks); quantity involved, consequence? Missfires probably are not reported. Accidental initiations are reported under national regulations. Countries have national regulation for establishments for quantities even under the Seveso threshold There is a common suscpition that near misses are note reported. The proportion is the unknowned You can take notes in this section: Missfires probably are not reported. Accidental initiations are reported under national regulations. Countries have national regulation for establishments for quantities even under the Seveso threshold There is a common suscpition that near misses are note reported. The proportion is the unknowned

B1-2 Investigation Main Question: Who investigates reported explosions; the company, your inspectors, specialists? Depends on the size of the accident. Small ones/near misses are investigated by the company. Police can be the competent authority for the investigation with the technical knowlodge of other authorities such as the licencing authority, or just by just the regulator authority. Improvements can be proposed for the company. You can take notes in this section: Depends on the size of the accident. Small ones/near misses are investigated by the company. Police can be the competent authority for the investigation with the technical knowlodge of other authorities such as the licencing authority, or just by just the regulator authority. Improvements can be proposed for the company.

B1-3 Lessons Learned Main Question: What are the most important lessons learned from explosives and pyrotechnics incidents in your country; technical, procedural, SMS and cultural? Hazard identification Access the risk rik assessment is weak Partly technical / no t tarned to do the risk assessment We have always done it like that No awerness of bad practices concerning also with the proper equipment You can take notes in this section: Hazard identification Access the risk rik assessment is weak Partly technical / no t tarned to do the risk assessment We have always done it like that No awerness of bad practices concerning also with the proper equipment Portugal: Operators get confident with tasks made for liong periods Training is needed to fullfill the gap Belgium Not followed rigth procedures triggered an accident Managment didn’t react to alarm - the risk awarness become a normal practice Finland No major acidents have occured, just near misses Lack of knowledge for causes that can trigger an acident. No proper training for unexpected situations Norway Lack of corporate knowlage concerning the use of explosives in minning because of tipe of minerals. Its important to know if the explosives will react with the kind of soil/minerals Appropriate risk assessment have to be done so that the causes can be propper identified. All factors have to be taken in care expecially unespected ones Traing is not a priorety in cases where no problems have accur It’s sometimes difficult to control changes made in establishments Municipalities not always have in account the use of containers. LEASSONS SHARED Information is spread quickly in small communities. Acidents intervein in the inspection plans. No proactive broadcast / No dissemination of the accidents Information about unpropper equipment that causes an accident or miss is spread. Does the small coutries have the enought resouces to deal with the pan european compannies and can be they updated? (may have bigger problems in pyrotechnics because of the size of the bussineses)

B1-3 Lessons Learned Main Question: What are the most important lessons learned from explosives and pyrotechnics incidents in your country; technical, procedural, SMS and cultural? Operators get confident with tasks made for long periods Training is needed to fullfill the gap or no proper training for unexpected situations Not following the rigth procedures trigger an accident Managment didn’t react to alarm - the risk awarness became a normal practice Lack of knowledge for causes that can trigger an accident. You can take notes in this section: Hazard identification Access the risk rik assessment is weak Partly technical / no t tarned to do the risk assessment We have always done it like that No awerness of bad practices concerning also with the proper equipment Portugal: Operators get confident with tasks made for liong periods Training is needed to fullfill the gap Belgium Not followed rigth procedures triggered an accident Managment didn’t react to alarm - the risk awarness become a normal practice Finland No major acidents have occured, just near misses Lack of knowledge for causes that can trigger an acident. No proper training for unexpected situations Norway Lack of corporate knowlage concerning the use of explosives in minning because of tipe of minerals. Its important to know if the explosives will react with the kind of soil/minerals Appropriate risk assessment have to be done so that the causes can be propper identified. All factors have to be taken in care expecially unespected ones Traing is not a priorety in cases where no problems have accur It’s sometimes difficult to control changes made in establishments Municipalities not always have in account the use of containers. LEASSONS SHARED Information is spread quickly in small communities. Acidents intervein in the inspection plans. No proactive broadcast / No dissemination of the accidents Information about unpropper equipment that causes an accident or miss is spread. Does the small coutries have the enought resouces to deal with the pan european compannies and can be they updated? (may have bigger problems in pyrotechnics because of the size of the bussineses)

B1-3 Lessons Learned Main Question: What are the most important lessons learned from explosives and pyrotechnics incidents in your country; technical, procedural, SMS and cultural? Appropriate risk assessment have to be done so that the causes can be proper identified. All factors have to be taken in care expecially unexpected ones Trainnig is not a priorety in cases where no problems have occured It’s sometimes difficult to control changes made in establishments You can take notes in this section: Hazard identification Access the risk rik assessment is weak Partly technical / no t tarned to do the risk assessment We have always done it like that No awerness of bad practices concerning also with the proper equipment Portugal: Operators get confident with tasks made for liong periods Training is needed to fullfill the gap Belgium Not followed rigth procedures triggered an accident Managment didn’t react to alarm - the risk awarness become a normal practice Finland No major acidents have occured, just near misses Lack of knowledge for causes that can trigger an acident. No proper training for unexpected situations Norway Lack of corporate knowlage concerning the use of explosives in minning because of tipe of minerals. Its important to know if the explosives will react with the kind of soil/minerals Appropriate risk assessment have to be done so that the causes can be propper identified. All factors have to be taken in care expecially unespected ones Traing is not a priorety in cases where no problems have accur It’s sometimes difficult to control changes made in establishments Municipalities not always have in account the use of containers. LEASSONS SHARED Information is spread quickly in small communities. Acidents intervein in the inspection plans. No proactive broadcast / No dissemination of the accidents Information about unpropper equipment that causes an accident or miss is spread. Does the small coutries have the enought resouces to deal with the pan european compannies and can be they updated? (may have bigger problems in pyrotechnics because of the size of the bussineses)