Sources of Energy 12.1 pg.474-483

Renewable vs. Non-Renewable Renewable Resources- one that can be reused or replaced like the sun and the wind. Non-Renewable Resources Cannot be replaced once used up. Coal and oil

FOSSIL FUELS NON-RENEWABLE Coal, oil, natural gas are produced from the organic matter of organisms that lived millions of years ago. The fossil fuel is burned in a generator to boil water. The steam is kept under pressure in pipes, which allows it to reach higher temp. than normal. The high pressure steam strikes and pushes the blades on the turbine

FOSSIL FUEL ADVANTAGE produced from organic matter that already existed. Inexpensive DISADVANTAGE Pollution Mining Coal is hazardous to workers

NUCLEAR NON-RENEWABLE In a nuclear reactor, atoms of a heavy element, usually Uranium, are split in a chain reaction. (called nuclear fission) Nuclear Fission releases an enormous amount of energy. The energy is used to heat water to produce steam to turn a turbine

NUCLEAR ADVANTAGE Nuclear Fission releases a large amount of energy. Not costly DISADVANTAGE Disposal of Uranium Waste is a downfall because it is radioactive and needs to be stored carefully for hundreds of years.

HYDROELECTRIC RENEWABLE How Energy is Produced Water flows through a penstock. As it flows past the turbine, it causes the turbine to turn. The turning turbine is connected to the generator. The generator converts the energy from the turning turbine to electrical energy.

HYDROELECTRIC ADVANTAGE Flowing water is a natural resource Inexpensive DISADVANTAGE Some communities do not have a waterfall, so a dam may be built across a river to store water. Huge environmental impact when dams are created

SOLAR RENEWABLE A solar cell has specially treated layers that create current when exposed to sunlight A solar farm includes arrays of mirrors that focus sunlight onto a liquid that is heated and used to turn water into steam to drive the turbines.

SOLAR RENEWABLE ADVANTAGE A natural resource that doesn’t cause pollution Convenient for small appliances like calculators DISADVANTAGE Costly to implement Depends on amount of sunlight

TIDAL ENERGY Uses the energy of the gravitational pull of the Moon. The powerful tide turns a turbine, to provide electricity.

TIDAL ENERGY ADVANTAGE Natural resource Not costly DISADVANTAGE Can only be used in certain locations

WIND RENEWABLE Use the energy of moving air to spin their blades, which are connected to a generator. The amount of energy depends on wind speed.

WIND ADVANTAGE Natural resource No pollution like greenhouse gases DISADVANTAGE Depends on wind speed Barriers to bird movement, and bird fatalities Disrupts ecosystems Uses a lot of land Windmills costly to build