Mixtures By Mrs. T.

What is a Mixture? Most of the substances you see are NOT pure substances like elements, molecules and compounds. Most of the substances are MIXTURES. A MIXTURE is made of two or more substances like elements and compounds, that are together in the same place but ARE NOT CHEMICALLY BONDED.

Mixtures differ from compounds in three ways! 1. Each substance that makes up the mixture KEEPS ITS INDIVIDUAL PROPERTIES. 2. Parts of the mixture are not combined in a set ratio. 3. The PARTS are easy to SEPARATE.

2 Types of Mixtures HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES: HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES: 1.You can SEE the DIFFERENT PARTS 2. You can easily separate the parts Examples: Trail Mix, Salad, Bag of Nuts & bolts HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES: 1. You CAN NOT SEE the DIFFERENT PARTS 2. The Substances are EVENLY MIXED Examples: air is a homogenous mixture of gases, sugar water is a homogenous mixture.

Solutions: One type of homogeneous mixture is a SOLUTION. A SOLUTION is well-mixed and contains a solvent and a solute. A solute is the largest part of a solution that dissolves the solvent. A solvent is the lesser part of a solution that gets dissolved. Both solute and solvents keep their individual properties SOLUTIONS can be a liquid, a gas, or even a solid. Examples: Sugar water Air is a solution of nitrogen, oxygen and a few other gases mixed together Brass is a solution of the elements copper & zinc

Separating mixtures Unlike compounds, mixtures are EASY TO SEPARATE back into the original substances that made them up. WAYS TO SEPARATE A MIXTURE: MAGNET FILTERING DISTILLING (BOILING) EVAPORATION

dEMONSTRATIONS LOOK AT A MIXTURE OF SAND & IRON FILINGS: How can we separate the 2 substances? LOOK AT A MIXTURE OF SALT AND PEPPER, How can we separate the substances? WHAT IF I HAVE A GLASS OF SALT WATER?

Mixtures differ from Compounds in 3 ways: sUMMARY A MIXTURE is made of 2 or more elements, compounds, or both that are in the same place but NOT chemically bonded. Mixtures differ from Compounds in 3 ways: Substances keep unique properties No fixed ratio Parts are easily separated. 2 Kinds of mixtures: Heterogeneous (can see parts) Homogeneous (evenly mixed) One kind of Homogeneous mixture is a SOLUTION. Can be Separated by magnet, filter, distillation or evaporation.

NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED HOMOGENEOUS Visual Break down: Atom – smallest particle of matter in the universe An Element simply refers to a particular type of atom. 114 Elements +1 new = 115 Elements make up Molecules Compounds are made up of 2 or more elements. Every compound is also a molecule. But only molecules made up of 2 or more elements are also a compound. Molecules & Compounds are Chemically Combined. Mixtures are made up of 2 or more substances, elements or compounds NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED. This means they can be: Separated back into original components. The components are not mixed in a set ratio. NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED HOMOGENEOUS HETEROGENEOUS

**All Compounds are also mixtures. ALL MATTER (You, me, Everything around us is made of matter) solid, liquid, gas PURE MATTER (Pure Substances chemically combined) Atom Smallest particle of matter (Building Block of Matter) Elements Show the different types of atoms (Periodic Table) MOLECULE 2 or more atoms chemically combined COMPOUND 2 or more substances, elements, compounds mixed but NOT chemically combined MIXTURE Not chemically combined Not pure substances HETEROGENEOUS You can see the individual components and they can be separated easily HOMOGENEOUS Parts can't be seen, evenly mixed but not chemically combined, can be separated by boiling or distaillation **All Compounds are also mixtures. **If a Molecule is made up of 2 or more different atoms it is also a compound!