Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
What is an NGO? Non-profit Voluntary citizens’ group Organized on local / nat’l / internat’l level Independent from states & IGOs Rely on advocacy, moral authority Watchdogs over gov’t actions Humanitarian / development / environment
Global Examples of NGOs Human rights: Amnesty International (campaign- refugees); International Rescue Committee (examples); International Red Cross; Doctors Without Borders Development: Building Resources Across Communities (BRAC) Environment: World Wildlife Federation, Greenpeace AI video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hwB1IUD0rgY IRC video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_VEkV67o0Y WWF video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jE-1I5o217A
NGOs & State Sovereignty (/) NGOs not always cooperative w/ each other More power now – Internet Elected gov’ts competing w/ ‘civil society’ Might have no oversight w/ lots of $ What if NGOs provide services gov’t can’t? Legitimacy Qs? Successes in protecting ‘human security’ Ex: IRC expelled from Darfur
Multi-National Corporations (MNCs)
Private companies w/ business in >1 state $ = power World’s Top 100 Economies… http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTUWM/Resources/WorldsTo p100Economies.pdf
MNCs & States(/) Ex: Coke in Colombia Bring jobs Make product available Investments Positive change via pressure for human rights Negative change via pressure to not enforce workers’ rights/ safety laws Cheap labor Developing countries vulnerable Demand tax breaks Ex: Coke in Colombia