Central America and the Caribbean.

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Central America and the Caribbean Chapter 11 World Geography

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Presentation transcript:

Central America and the Caribbean

Regions of Central America Mountainous Core: Climate depends on elevation 3000-6000: spring like conditions all year 6000 and above: very cold, few agricultural products Caribbean Lowlands: tropical wet climate, rainforest vegetation Pacific Coastal Plain: tropical wet and dry, savannas and grasslands, fertile soils due to volcanic ash, lakes

Islands of the Caribbean Greater Antilles: tops of volcanic mountains Flatter Islands: coral islands Marine Climate

People and Cultures Central America Natives: Largest # live in Guatemala Europeans: Costa Rica: 90% Spanish Mestizos: El Salvador and Nicaragua Africans: Slaves & Migration from Caribbean

People and Cultures Caribbean African Descent: African Slaves brought by Europeans for sugar cane production Asian Immigrants: Came voluntarily after abolition of slavery

Economic Activities Agriculture: coffee, bananas, cotton, sugar, coconuts Subsistence and plantations Tourism: Most owned by foreign corporations

Spatial Inequality Uneven distribution of wealth Small percentage of population wealthy: mostly Europeans and Mestizos Most of the population is very poor Very small percentage is in the middle class Lead to political unrest and migrations

Political Unrest in El Salvador Landlessness among poor increase Wealthy landowners hired “death squads” to eliminate ideas of reform Civil War ensues between 1979 and 1992

Migrations Migrant workers: people move during the off season to find additional work Migrations to escape oppressive governments Money sent from emigrants have reduced the burden of poverty throughout Latin America