Nucleic Acids 1 1.

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleic Acids 1 1

Nucleic acids Store and transmit genetic information Made of C, H, O, N, and Phosphorus Two types: a. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA-double helix) b. Ribonucleic acid (RNA-single strand) Nucleic acids are composed of long chains of nucleotides linked by dehydration synthesis. 2 2

Nucleic Acids C,H,O,N,P *Monomer: nucleotide *Function: They make up the genes which provide the basic blueprint of life. They direct your growth and development by dictating protein structure. *Examples: DNA and RNA **Nucleic acids are the largest biological molecules in the body. 3

Nucleic acids Nucleotides have three parts: phosphate group pentose sugar (5-carbon) nitrogenous (nitrogen-containing) bases: adenine (A) thymine (T) DNA only uracil (U) RNA only cytosine (C) guanine (G) 4 4

Nucleotide 5 5

DNA makes proteins – how one organic molecule makes another The genetic material that organisms inherit from their parents consists of DNA. Within the DNA are genes. Genes determine the specific 3-D structures of proteins, and therefore the functions of the proteins. **Through the actions of proteins, DNA controls the life of the cell and the organism.** 6

How many nucleotides? 7

DNA vs RNA deoxyribose ribose Double strand single strand 8

DNA vs RNA Adenine pairs with thymine Adenine pairs with uracil Nucleus only nucleus and cytoplasm 9

DNA - double helix P O 1 2 3 4 5 P O 1 2 3 4 5 G C T A 10 10

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