Chapter 4 Ecology

Photosynthesis vs. Respiration Respiration - occurs in mitochondria, uses glucose and oxygen to produce water, energy (ATP), and carbon dioxide Photosynthesis - occurs only in plants in the chloroplast, uses sunlight (energy), carbon dioxide, and water to make glucose and oxygen

Food Relationships Producer - makes their own food (Autotroph) Consumer - must find and eat food (Heterotroph) Decomposer - break down dead organisms Food Chain - shows “what eats what”

Food relationships Food Web - shows all the feeding relationships in an ecosystem Food Pyramid - shows the movement of energy as it moves up the food chain or food web 1. biomass 2. energy

Diets Carnivore - eats only animals Herbivore - eats only plants Omnivore - eats both plants and animals Predator - eats the prey Prey - must survive the predator

Ecological Succession The natural progression leading to a stable forest ecosystem

Human Impact Water Pollution - biomagnification, fertilizer, run-off Land Pollution - garbage dumps, poor land use Air Pollution - smog, burning fossil fuels, acid rain Thermal Pollution - increased water temperatures Ozone Layer - damaged by aerosols Global Warming - caused by green house gasses (CO2) Overpopulation - leads to death in the food chain