PBS video on carbon Episode 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ypbb9Zi5Tao (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

Organic compounds contain C,H and sometimes O,N and other non-metals. Organic compounds have covalent bonds Every living thing contains carbon and it therefore organic but not all organic compounds are from living things. Inorganic compounds are compounds that do not have carbon. See pages 244 - 246 (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

Inorganic Molecule containing carbon (NOT ORGANIC) Not all compounds that contain carbon are organic: CaCO3 and NaCO3 (carbonates) Al4C and SiC ( Carbides) CO, CO2 (oxides) Organic molecules always have C before H in their formulas. This differentiates organic compounds from acids, which almost always start with H.

(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

Carbon has four electrons in its valence shell, which allows for Carbon is unique Carbon has four electrons in its valence shell, which allows for more chemical bonding possibilities than any other element. Long chains of carbons form petroleum and plastics. (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

Examples of Carbon (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

Classifying Organic Compounds The simplest class of organic compounds contain only carbon and hydrogen are called HYDROCARBONS (alkanes) The simplest hydrocarbon is methane (CH4), followed by ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and pentane (C5H12). All hydrocarbons are flammable, most are liquids at room temperature. Coal, petroleum and natural gas are the most common natural source of hydrocarbons  

Alcohols An organic compound that contains C,H, and O

Sorting Out Organic Compounds There are several ways to write organic compounds Name Methane Ethane Propane Chemical Formula CH4 C2H4 C3H6 Condensed Structural formula CH3CH3 CH3CH2CH3 Structural Formula Ball-and-stick Structure

Alcohols are organic compounds with C, H, and O. The simplest alcohols are methanol (CH4O), ethanol (C2H6O), and isopropyl alcohol (C3H8O). Alcohols are very good solvents (they dissolve other substances). Alcohols are generally very flammable. Methanol is a good solvent (dissolves many substances water cannot) Ethanol found in beverages, fuel additives, medicines, plastics Isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) – disenfectant, cleaner for contact pins in electronic devices, solvent. Methanol, ethanol and isopropanol are highly flammable (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

Ted Ed Teflon http://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-doesn-t-anything-stick-to-teflon-ashwini-bharathula (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007