State of the Art in France By Jean-Luc Lipatz

Statistics and the local level Mismatch between : City planning : local Administrative data : collected by various national bodies Urban Audit 2 is an opportunity to build a place to store multi-domain data comparative data

Spatial units: problems No commonly agreed definition of the city NUTS 5, NUTS 3 were not applicable Both inherited from (potentially locally different) history Too many NUTS 5 regions Not today’s city planning level Lille is a medium size city, much more smaller than Montpellier, but with the biggest LUZ of France?

Spatial units : proposal City Administratively structured groups of municipalities in urban context (CA, CU) “Unité urbaine” (continuity of built up area) As reference As default Larger Urban Zone “Aire urbaine” (commuting zone) Laws

Spatial units : the sub-city level Problems : Statistical units are too small post codes Census areas : 200 inhabitants Local data dissemination areas (IRIS : 2000 inh.) There is no (not yet) administrative sub-city level Future “Local democracy” districts

Spatial units : the sub-city level Proposal : Specially designed for groups of IRIS Homogeneous Proximity coming from a multi-dimensional space derived from a principal components analysis on data about unemployment and various forms of employment. With connectivity constraints Preserving municipality boundaries

Spatial units : getting data Three levels for data collection IRIS (for sub-city indicators) Municipality CA, CU Four/Five levels for data dissemination Aggregated zones (Eurostat only) Municipality (“core city area”?) City CA,CU “Unité urbaines” “Aires urbaines”

Scope of Urban Audit 2 European France : Every ‘Aire urbaine’ with more than 50 000 inhabitants (130 cities) France’s overseas departements (DOM) ? (at least the chief towns)

Sources and availability A - National A - Local B - BIT B - Environment B - Transport C D

Data collection INSEE Public bodies Municipalities (10 000…) Existing contacts with frequent data transmission (TER) Existing contacts but needing contract (CAF) New contacts being established (CLC) Municipalities (10 000…)

Quality assurance Quality is a matter of the objective, but… Main source is the Public Statistical System Data checking Extreme values of cities per inhabitant ratios Methods: Unreliable data for comparison purposes Life expectancy at birth – not local data GDP – comparability needs further work or a less imprecise proxy (wages)

Partnerships DATAR AMGVF (mayors of large cities) Scope of the data base : geographical levels AMGVF (mayors of large cities) Data collection from municipalities Further extensions Public services offered to citizens Cost of being a citizen (local taxes) Sub-city level FNAU (city planning agencies) Urban Audit pilot phase Dissemination of the results