AP U.S. HISTORY EXAM REVIEW Creating a Functioning Government 1777-1824

The Articles of Confederation What was the Articles of Confederation? What was the major problem with the Articles? List the Articles’ specific limitations. What issues did the new government have to deal with concerning Native Americans, women, and African-Americans? What problems were caused by the government’s inability to levy taxes? Why were Americans reluctant to give the federal government the power to tax? What problems did the United States encounter with the British during the early days of independence? What happened in Shays’s Rebellion and why is this significant? What was the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? The Articles of Confederation

What was the ostensible purpose of the “meeting in Philadelphia”? When was the Constitutional Convention? What did the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan call for? What was the Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)? How was the President to be elected? What was the 3/5 Compromise? What three branches of government were created by the Constitution? Describe the Anti-Federalists. Describe the Federalists. What were the Federalist Papers? When did the Constitution and the Bill of Rights go into effect? A New Constitution

The Washington Presidency Why did Washington feel it was important that he exercise his authority with care and restraint? What was the cabinet? Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of the Treasury? What did these two men disagree over? Why was the National Bank so controversial? What do strict constructionists believe about the Constitution? What do loose constructionists believe? What is the difference between enumerated and implied powers? Who did Washington agree with on the bank issue? What did Hamilton’s financial plan call for? Why were many Southern states opposed to the plan and what compromise was reached? The Washington Presidency

How did Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton differ on their views of the French Revolution? Why was it prudent for the United States to remain neutral during the conflict? What was the Neutrality Proclamation? The French Revolution

The Two-Party System What were the origins of the two-party system? What did the Federalists believe? What did the Democratic-Republicans believe? How did some people, including George Washington, view the development of political parties? The Two-Party System

The Whiskey Rebellion What were the causes of the Whiskey Rebellion? How did Washington react? What is the significance of the Whiskey Rebellion? The Whiskey Rebellion

Washington’s Second Term What problems did the United States encounter with the British during Washington’s second term? Why is Jay’s Treaty often considered the low point of Washington’s administration? Why was Thomas Pinckney sent to Spain and what did he accomplish? What is executive privilege and how did Washington establish this precedent? What did Washington warn against in his Farewell Address? Washington’s Second Term

Republican Motherhood What was the important role of women in the early years of the republic? How did women exercise this role? Why did republican motherhood lead to increased calls for female education? Republican Motherhood

What political party did John Adams belong to and who was his vice-president? Describe the tone of the Adams presidency. What was Adams’s greatest achievement? Why did Adams send diplomats to France? What was the XYZ Affair? What were the Alien and Sedition Acts? What was the chief argument of the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions? The Adams Presidency

What happened in the Election of 1800 and who won? What did the Twelfth Amendment do? Why is the Election of 1800 so significant? The “Revolution of 1800”

Jefferson’s First Term What were the “midnight appointments” and how did Jefferson respond? What happened to the Alien and Sedition Acts under President Jefferson? What important economic gains did Jefferson make? What is the significance of Marbury v. Madison? From whom did the United States purchase Louisiana and at what price? Why was the purchase of Louisiana problematic for Jefferson? Who were Lewis and Clark? What happened to Aaron Burr? Jefferson’s First Term

Jefferson’s Second Term How did the United States become embroiled in the conflict between Britain and France? How did Jefferson respond to British and French aggression and what were the consequences? What was the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809? Jefferson’s Second Term

Madison’s Presidency and the War of 1812 What did Macon’s Bill No. 2 do? What developments helped build pro-war sentiments in the United States? Who were the leaders of the War Hawks and why did they want war with Britain? What role did Native Americans play in the War of 1812? What happened to Washington, D.C. during the war? Who won the war and what treaty ended it? What was the only clear-cut battle victory of the war and when was it fought? Who was the leader of this battle? What was the Hartford Convention? Why did the war lead to the downfall of the Federalists? What was the most positive result of the War of 1812? What was the American System and who was its biggest proponent? Madison’s Presidency and the War of 1812

Monroe’s Presidency What was the “Era of Good Feelings”? What was the significance of McCulloch v. Maryland? What were the causes and results of the Panic of 1819? What did the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 do? What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine? Why did Missouri’s application for statehood cause so much controversy? What did the Missouri Compromise do? Monroe’s Presidency