Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia Climate Change Mitigation in Ethiopia: To what extent do carbon sequestration projects put impact on smallholder farm households’ income? *Tagesse Abo1, Senbetie Kuma2, Tegegn Hailu3 Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia Presentation for African Economic Conference Dec. 5- 7, 2016

Presentation Outline Introduction Objectives Methodology Findings Recommendations

INTRODUCTION Human activities caused a substantial increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Is causing measurable global warming Adverse effects: sea-level rise; increased frequency and intensity of wild fire, floods, recurrent droughts and tropical storms;

Effects: erratic and ever changing amount and distribution in rain fall; snow and runoff; and disturbance of coastal marine and other ecosystems

Proposed solutions for human driven global warming and deforestation trends : political efforts to make forest preservation more socio-economically attractive(Brown, et al. 2002; Watson et al., 2000). The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 2006); the Kyoto Protocol (Santilli, et al. 2005)

“Carbon sequestration” 1) Terrestrial (biological) sequestration: accomplished through soil & vegetation conservation 2) Geological sequestration: accomplished through trapping CO2 in to the ground (costly)

Ethiopia: 1. Climate- sensetive agricultural production and pressures: Population increase Land fragmentation Deforestation Recurrent drought and famine

Sodo Community Engaged Reforestation project; and Climate change mitigation practices: Carbon sequestration projects (WVE + WSU) Humbo; Sodo Community Engaged Reforestation project; and Platform (Context): FMNR

Before intervention (2006)

11/21/2018

Seedling production and planting

Techniques

Objectives of the study 1) examining the portfolios of economic engagements of the projects participants; 2) analyzing the extent that the project participation puts impact on per capita income of the project participants in the project site; and 3) identifying factors determine the farmers’ decision to participate in the carbon sequestration projects.

Sampling 199 households (Yemane, 1969) Instruments: PRA (KII, FGD, observations, document analysis) Household survey questionnaire

Analytical procedures: 1) qualitative descriptions 2) PSM 3) Binary logistic regression

Economic engagements: Results & Discussion Economic engagements: Carbon sales Wood & tree products (fruits, seeds, timber, bamboo value chains, etc) Grass for fodder Sales of seedlings Eco-Tourism income apiculture

Livelihood diversification 11/21/2018

11/21/2018