What was the significance of the Hijrah? To explore the reasons for the departure of Muhammad. To Analyse the success of the Hijrah. To evaluate its importance for Islam today. Do now: Why did the Quraysh oppose Muhammad? What does the term ‘Hijrah’ mean?

Create a full timeline for the life of the prophet Create a full timeline for the life of the prophet. With extra details for the following: - Birth - Childhood - Marriage to Kadijah. - Night of Power - Life in Mecca - Hijrah - Life in Medina - Battles - Return to Mecca. - Final Sermon. - Death. Above/underneath each event explain how it contributed to Islam. And how it is relevant to Islam today.

Why did Muhammad leave Mecca? (622 CE) There were plots by the Quraysh to have him killed. The people were not being as receptive to the message of Islam as he would have liked. He wanted to strengthen his bond with the Muslims in Medina. The people of Medina wanted him to come and help them to mediate their issues. Karen Armstrong: “It was unthinkable at the time to abandon your tribe to go and live with another. For Muhammad to create a new alliance based on ‘Ummah’ in another city was unheard of.” Think, pair, share – Muhammad felt two contrasting emotions leaving Mecca. What were they and why did he feel them?

Activation: What did the prophet do in Medina? Task: Use the hints to assess what Muhammad did for Medina.

Activation: What did the prophet do in Medina? Some people argue that the Hijrah was the most significant event for the development of Islam. Can you list some events OTHER than Hijrah which were essential to the development of Islam? Established the first Mosque. The Medina treaty between Muslims and Jews The beginning of the call to prayer & Prayer facing Mecca (Muhammad received divine revelation that Muslims should pray facing Mecca, before that they prayed facing Jerusalem) Cleaning of the city and the laying of a water system Eradication of poverty and care for the poor – the Ummah The Five Pillars were established. Other laws regarding alcohol, charging of interest, inheritance, marriage and the rights of married women were imposed.

Demonstration: ‘Assess the significance of the Hijrah for the development of Islam’. (9 Marks) Assess: ‘Requires reasoned argument of factors to reach a judgement regarding their importance/relevance to the question context.’ Start: The Hijrah was.......(Inc. dates) Muhammad did this because..... It is significant because...... Theocracy – Religious beliefs integrated into the political framework of a country.