COMPOSITION OF MATTER Pure Elements Pure Compounds

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Presentation transcript:

COMPOSITION OF MATTER Pure Elements Pure Compounds Mixtures of Elements and/or Compounds

ELEMENTS & COMPOUNDS ELEMENT Cannot be decomposed into 2 or more simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means (requires Nuclear process) COMPOUND Contains 2 or more chemical elements combined in FIXED PROPORTIONS

ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS & MIXTURES

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS Mass is neither created or destroyed in a Chemical change

LAW OF DEFINITE PROPORTIONS In given Chemical Compound, proportions by mass of elements are fixed, irrespective of how the compound was made, or its source of origin

DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY OF MATTER 1. Solid Indivisible Atoms 2. All Atoms of Same Element Identical in All Respects 3. Atoms of Different Elements Have Different Masses 4. Atoms Indestructible in Chemical Reactions 5. Compounds formed from Elements in Small, Whole Number Ratios

AVOGADRO’S NUMBER N = 6.02214 x 1023

AVOGADRO’S NUMBER One Mole of Substance contains Avogadro’s Number of Species (e.g. Atoms, Molecules, peanuts, whales)

MOLAR MASS Mass of 1 Mole of Atoms of Element E.g. For H = 1.008 g mol-1 For O = 15.999 g mol-1

MASS SPECTROMETER Separates ions by mass/charge ratio.