PM2.5 Target value 25µg/m³ 01/01/2010 Limit Value 25µg/m³ 01/01/2015

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Presentation transcript:

PM2.5 Target value 25µg/m³ 01/01/2010 Limit Value 25µg/m³ 01/01/2015 Exposure concentration obligation (city BG) 20µg/m³ 01/01/2015 1

PM2.5 locations 2007 2

PM2.5 yearly averages 2000-2007 3

Additional PM2.5 measurements 5 Stations started in 2008 in the Antwerp harbour 4 Stations started in 2009 for determination of AEI on urban background locations. Locations: Antwerp agglomeration: 2 stations Ghent: 1 station Bruges: 1 station Measuring method: gravimetric method 1 Station in a rural background area for the determination of the chemical composition 4

Comparative measurements PM2.5 in 2009 BAM1020 (Met One) vs reference on 3 places TEOM-FDMS vs reference on 3 places ESM FH 62 I-R vs reference on 2 places Pall Tissue kwarts vs Pall teflon on 2 places 5

Equivalence tests PM2.5 ESM: 1.46 TEOM-FDMS: 1.08 => 1.00

Equivalence tests PM10 ESM: 1.37 TEOM: 1.47 TEOM-FDMS: 1.00 1.12: quartz 1.01: teflon 7

COSTS PM2.5 - Monitors Monitor Invest. Maint. Energy VTE 34.000 10.000 TEOM-FDMS 34.000 10.000 282 0,03 ESM TEI62IR 27.000 4.250 16 BAM1020 17.125 FAISWAM5ADC 33.000 GRIMM 180 28.000 2.950 5 0,025 BTW excl. GRIMM180: PM10 + PM2.5 9

COSTS PM2.5 - Gravimetry Stations Investment samplers (10yr): 5.300,- Maintenance – working costs: 10.000,- Personal costs: 1VTE Investment gravimetry: 50.000,- 10

Chemical characterisation: How much versus What How much? (EU-legislation)  What? (science) ! (diesel)soot bodemstof  “Chemkar PM10” project 11

Chemical Characterisation of PM10 What ? Elements (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rh, Si, Ti, V, Zn) Water-soluble ions (NH4+,NO3-, SO42-,Cl-,…) EC/OC Genotoxical tests (VITO & UA) PAHs (VMM Ghent) Isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) (JRC-IRMM) The following components were determined Fe : iron Si : silicon 12

Chemical Characterisation of PM10 Why? What? How? PM mass: gravimetric Ions: IC EC/OC: TOT* (NIOSH program, Sunset Lab) Elements: XRF PAH: GC-MS * Thermo-optical transmission The following components were determined Fe : iron Si : silicon 13

ChemChar of PM10 1. Secundaire anorg. ionen (=nitraat, sulfaat, ammonium) >> 41% (12,6 µg/m3) 2. Organische massa >> 20% (6,1 µg/m3) 3. Bodemstof >> 14% (4,3 µg/m3) 4. Zeezout >> 8% (2,4 µg/m3) 5. Elementaire koolstof (roet) >> 4% (1,2 µg/m3) 14

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