Curtis Borne Fort Valley State University Course: 01.421 Agriculture Mechanics Technology Unit 1: Woodworking Lesson 4: Identifying Types and Grades of Lumber Curtis Borne Fort Valley State University

Board Feet (FBM) 1. Board foot = L x T x W 12 Divide by 12 if length is in feet Divide by 144 if length is in inches

2. Materials used in farm construction Three major kinds of materials used in farm construction: Wood, steel & masonry

3. Classifications of lumber Two Classifications of lumber: Softwoods - pine, cedar, fir, redwood, cypress Hardwoods - oak, ash, birch, cherry, sycamore, walnut, hickory, maple Almost impossible to nail hardwoods & in knots in softwoods

4. Farm Buildings Made of softwoods

5. Grades of softwoods Two grades of softwood Common Select - knot free for finish work

6. Uses of common lumber Common No. 1 & 2 used for rafters & joist Common No. 3 used for studs & plates Common No. 4 & 5 where strength is not a factor

7. Dressed lumber A dressed 1” x 4” is actually 25/32” x 3-5/8”

8. Lumber for specific jobs concrete forms-pine,fir No. 1 & 2 framing building-pine & fir No. 1,2,3 roof sheeting-pine & fir No. 2 & 3 siding-redwood & cedar floors-pine & oak select lumber others above are common grades

Fencing materials When selecting fencing consider: 1. type of livestock 2. permanency

Types of paint 1. exterior 2. interior 3. floor 4. roof 5. enamel 6. barn 7. masonry 8. metal or implement paint

Rafter length formula a squared + b squared = c squared take square root of c squared subtract half the thickness of ridge board add length of overhang c b a