Escherichia coli and urinary tract infections: the role of poultry-meat  A.R. Manges  Clinical Microbiology and Infection  Volume 22, Issue 2, Pages 122-129 (February 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.11.010 Copyright © 2016 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Distribution of Escherichia coli sequence types (STs) responsible for the majority of unique community-acquired urinary tract infections (n = 114) in 2012–13 in Vancouver, British Columbia (unpublished data). STs associated with poultry and retail poultry meat include E. coli ST10, ST69, ST95, ST117 and ST131. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2016 22, 122-129DOI: (10.1016/j.cmi.2015.11.010) Copyright © 2016 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Distribution of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) distances between pairs of isolates. Of the 6441 distinct pairwise SNP distances derived from 114 whole genome sequenced isolates analysed by Cortex [69] (from Fig. 1; unpublished data), 447 pairs have an SNP distance <2000 and 5994 pairs have an SNP distance ≥2000. This plot depicts the distribution of SNP distances <2000. The frequency distribution of SNP distances is shown in the histogram and non-linear least-squares fit of the SNP distances to the γ-distribution is shown in red. This figure illustrates that beyond the 10–20 SNP distances identified in a typical food-borne outbreak, there is a peak exhibiting >400 SNP distances. This may indicate some genetic relatedness between certain isolates, but drawing epidemiological inferences regarding relationships and attribution based on these data will remain challenging. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2016 22, 122-129DOI: (10.1016/j.cmi.2015.11.010) Copyright © 2016 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions