AP US History Week 8

Objectives Read Chapter 7 Quizzes 2.04 and 2.05

Founding a Nation A New Constitution Constitutional Convention- delegates believed in: Three branches Congress would have the ability to raise money States could not infringe on the rights of property Government would represent the people

Founding a Nation Created a two house system: One based on population, one house with equal representation Indirect elections-President chosen based on the Electoral College Federalism- relationship between states and Federal Government. Separation of Powers- Checks and Balances between the branches of government

Slavery Slave trade not abolished for 20 years (January 1, 1808) States had to return runaway slaves 3/5 of slaves counted towards a state’s population

Ratification Federalist (for Ratification) vs Anti-Federalists (against Ratification)

Federalist Hamilton, Madison, and John Jay wrote a series of essays using the pen name Publius and gathered as a book-The Federalist Defended balance of power. Size of the republic helped secure Americans’ rights. There were so many economic, regional, and political interests that it would be difficult for one to take over the government and oppress the rest.

Anti-Federalists Samuel Adams, John Hancock, and Patrick Henry. State politicians who feared their influence would diminish Drew support from rural areas and farmers Argued Federal government was too strong (Argument continues to this day!) Argued an elite class would dominate the “common man” Argued about a lack of Bill of Rights

Bill of Rights First 10 Amendments Not included in the original document Freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly Right to Bear Arms; No arrests without warrant; trial by jury; powers not delegated to the national government were reserved for states Not until the 20th century were the Bill of Rights revered as indispensable

2.03 The Constitution Federalist Papers argument Anti Federalist argument Virginia and New Jersey Plans The Constitution and Slavery African Americans in the North

2.04 Washington’s Road Map Boundary Disputes French Revolution George Washington’s Farewell Address Neutrality Act Jay’s Treaty Positions of Democratic-Republicans American Indians and the US Pinckney’s Treaty