Objective 1.01 Continued Identify the major domestic issues and conflicts experienced by the nation during the Federalist Period.

Washington’s Farewell Address 1. Urged the United to “steer clear of permanent alliances” with other nations 2. Warns the nation against the party system

Presidential Election of 1796 John Adams Federalist Thomas Pinckney=VP Received 71 Electoral Votes Winner of the Election Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican Aaron Burr=VP Received 68 Electoral Votes

Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) Federalists feared the French were trying to overthrow the US government (Citizen Genet) Acts passed due to this fear

Alien Acts Raised resident requirement of American citizenship from 5 to 14 years Allowed the President to deport or jail any undesirable alien Sedition Acts Set fines and jail terms for anyone trying to hinder the operation of government or expressing “false, scandalous, and malicious statements” against the government

Effects of the Alien and Sedition Acts? Many Democratic-Republican newspaper editors were jailed. Thomas Jefferson and his fellow Democratic Republicans believed that the Sedition Act was unconstitutional because it violated 1st Amendment “Freedom of Speech”

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Jefferson and Madison saw the Alien and Sedition Acts as an abuse of government power They wrote a set of resolutions passed and adopted by the states of Kentucky (Jefferson) and Virginia (Madison).

Nullification states have the right to nullify, or consider void, any act of Congress that they deemed unconstitutional

Presidential Election of 1800 (Revolution of 1800) John Adams (Fed) v. Thomas Jefferson(D-R) Jefferson and Aaron Burr(D-R) receive the same number of electoral votes

Alexander Hamilton sways vote for Jefferson Congress passes the 12th Amendment calling for a separate ballot for President and Vice President

Burr and Hamilton After the election of 1800, Burr read unflattering remarks made about him by Alexander Hamilton (maybe???) Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel On July 11, 1804 – duel takes places in New Jersey Burr shoots Hamilton – what did Hamilton’s gun do? Hamilton died the next day and Burr was charged with murder.

The Jefferson Presidency Government is more equally balanced between Democratic-Republicans and Federalists Jefferson wanted to make government small and simple. Jefferson favored free trade.

John Marshall and the Supreme Court Marshall-appointed Chief Justice by John Adams Staunch Federalist –strengthens national government for 30 years

Judiciary Act of 1801 Adams was trying to increase the number of federal judges by 16 – Why? Filled most of these positions with Federalists Midnight Judges-called this because Adams signed their appointments late on his last day in office

William Marbury vs. James Madison 1803 William Marbury - one of the midnight judges never received his official papers from the new Jefferson administration. Madison was new Secretary of State, whose duty it was to deliver the papers. Judiciary Act of 1789 required this

Marbury vs. Madison, Continued Chief Justice John Marshall decided that this provision of the act was unconstitutional. Established the principle of Judicial Review allowing the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.

Jefferson and Westward Expansion Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon (France) for 15 million dollars. Jefferson was not sure if the purchase was constitutional.

Louisiana Purchase Doubled the size of the nation Was this constitutional? Was Jefferson acting like a Federalist? Did provide more land (farmers could move west, new people begin farming)

Explored by Lewis and Clark – Corps of Discovery Guided by Sacagawea