The U.S. A New Nation

Lewis and Clark They did not “discover” the west any more than Columbus “discovered” America. President Jefferson commissioned the Journey to map the newly acquired “Louisiana Purchase” from France which doubled the size of the U.S. and included the port of New Orleans.

Lewis and Clark They were looking for an easy route to the Pacific Ocean. They went up the Missouri River, over the Rocky Mountains, and down the Colombia River. Over 8,000 miles. They discovered 10 plants, 11 birds, 11 mammals – all new to Europeans.

Election of 1796 Jefferson elected Vice-President (Democratic-Republican) vs. Adams (Federalist) – elected as President No one foresaw political parties developing in the new country, and opposing parties made “politics” interesting.

Election of 1800 Election of 1800 was a tie electorally between Jefferson and Aaron Burr. They were of the same party, but the intention was to have Jefferson become president with Burr as VP. The constitution states that the House of Representatives then votes to determine who is President.

Election of 1800 Though Hamilton, and others, begged Burr to concede the race, Burr would not. Congress voted 36 times over 6 days before finally voting in Jefferson. Burr blamed Hamilton for his loss.

Election of 1800 This led to the passing of the 12th Amendment stating that there would be separate ballots for the President and Vice President. AND….eventually after Burr’s failed loss to the governorship of New York, he challenged Hamilton to a duel. In July 1804, Hamilton died in the duel and ended Burr’s political career.

Federalists Believed in strong federal government. Country should be ruled by the elite (a lot of people could not read or write.) Emphasize manufacturing. Have a loose interpretation of the Constitution. Supported Great Britain.

Democratic-Republicans Limited national government – share power with the states. The country should be ruled by ordinary citizens. Emphasize agriculture. Strict interpretation of the Constitution. Supported France.

Court Case Marbury Vs. Madison Established the Supreme courts’ power to declare laws unconstitutional – Judicial Review. This remains the main purpose of the Supreme Court today.