Argumentation in Speeches & Historical Documents Friday, May 4th

Today’s Goals Focus Question Review famous speech in fiction Review famous historical speech Analyze both speeches Compare and contrasts speeches Focus Question What makes an argument effective? How does the author use evidence and research to support the arguments? How do people construct argument? How is reading nonfiction different from reading fiction?

Round 2: Winston Churchill was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. As Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to victory in the Second World War. Ideologically an economic liberal and British imperialist, he was a member of the Liberal Party from 1904 to 1924 before joining the Conservative Party, which he led from 1940 to 1955.

Winston Churchill cont. Widely considered one of the 20th century's most significant figures, Churchill remains popular in the UK and Western world, where he is seen as a victorious wartime leader who played an important role in defending liberal democracy from the spread of fascism. Also praised as a social reformer and writer, among his many awards was the Nobel Prize in Literature. Conversely, his imperialist and racist views— coupled with his sanctioning of human rights abuses in the suppression of anti- imperialist movements seeking independence from the British Empire—have generated considerable controversy Winston Churchill cont.

A full 75 years after the “Blood, Toil, Tears, Sweat” speech was delivered by Winston Churchill — on May 13, 1940 — it remains one of the most famous of his prolific career. Which is only appropriate, as it was the speech that set the course for his historic leadership of Britain during World War II. Here’s what happened: Until mere days before the speech was delivered, Churchill wasn’t Prime Minister. He was First Lord of the Admiralty and, in fact, a “longtime political enemy” of Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, per TIME’s account in 1940. The previous month, British forces had responded to a Nazi incursion in Norway with all confidence of success. “Instead, all the pushing—and a lot of punching, hammering, rushing and blasting—had been done by the Germans. It was the British who went out backwards, faster than they had come in,” TIME reported two weeks later. Background of speech

When Churchill spoke, he also asked for unity—but he admitted that Norway was a failure, and galvanized support with his candor and confidence. The Labour party refused to join a national coalition government unless Churchill was in charge of it. His words established a new British attitude toward the growing conflict—and a reputation that would keep him in the Prime Minister’s office through the end of the war in Europe. Background of speech

Indeed, the speech was so effective that, in 2003, TIME named included it on a list of 80 days that changed the world. “The opposition Labour Party would serve in a government of national unity only if it were led by Churchill, and on the evening of May 10, as German troops massed against France, he accepted office from King George VI,” wrote TIME’s Michael Elliott. “Three days later, Churchill promised Britain only ‘blood, toil, tears and sweat.’ What he gave his country, above all, was leadership.” Background of speech

As you listen: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYGU03oMkBY (rereading) You will need four different colored highlighters, pens, pencils. Alternatively, you can use Boxing, circling, underlining, and squiggle lining if you don’t have colors. Highlight Logos in one color, Pathos in another, and ethos in a third. With the fourth color, highlight any rhetoric/fallacies. Later, go back and label them. Also complete the Speech analysis for this speech.

by Harper Lee https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HOocTXKPVV U Tom Robinson is on trail for raping a white women (which he didn’t do) Atticus Finch is defending Tom Robinson Everyone thought he would just given in (since racism was prevalent during the time period the story takes place, if you accused a black person, they were convicted regardless of evidence) This is Atticus’s closing argument for why Tom Robinson should be innocent of his crimes. Watch, annotate with highlighters, answer the questions. Then compare the two (aka complete packet except back of last page). by Harper Lee

sources http://time.com/3848735/churchill-best-speeches- blood-toil-tears-sweat/