DO NOW (in your notes) Pick up notes, staple and do your Do Now? What makes a “tough guy?”

The Growth of Politics and Andrew Jackson The Growth of Political Participation Mass Politics Jacksonian Democracy?

Early Background Parents were immigrants from Ireland Born in a log cabin in South Carolina on March 17, 1767 Father died shortly before Jackson was born

Teenage Years Known for his quick temper Known to be very strong and determined At age 13, he and his brother joined the Patriots during the American Revolution Both were captured by the British

Jailed at 13! While Jackson was a prisoner, he was ordered to shine a British officer’s boots. When he refused, the officer slashed Jackson across the face and hand with a sword. He had the scars for the rest of his life.

Mom Helped Out In jail, the two contracted smallpox. Their mother arranged for a prisoner exchange and they were released. Robert died, but Andrew survived. Their mother died later from diseases contracted while caring for the soldiers. Andrew was raised by a wealthy uncle.

Young Adult 1787-Now 20, he became a lawyer 1788-He was appointed attorney general for the Tennessee territory and moved to Nashville Made majority of his money from land speculations and held several key government jobs He had major influence in making the state of Tennessee

Influence in the Tennessee Territory He helped to create the state of Tenessee out of the western lands of North Carolina and helped to write the constitution of TN when it became a state. 1796 - TN was admitted into the union and became a state.

Jackson-Dickinson Duel 1806-Jackson became involved in a dispute over a horse. Dickinson challenged Jackson to a duel. Although Dickinson shot first, sending a bullet into Jackson’s chest, Jackson shot next and last - killing Dickinson.                    

The bullet was never removed This contributed to his health problems later in his life.

Becoming a War Hero

` Early 1800s - He was appointed major general of the Tennessee militia February 1813 - He and 1,500 troops were sent to New Orleans for a British invasion. * The invasion never transpired, so he was ordered back to Nashville (no one received pay).

No action No pay Jackson was furious

Earning the Nickname “Old Hickory” First, he refused to disband. Short on money and supplies, he walked along side of his men the entire 500 miles of wilderness back to Nashville. His courage and determination earned him his nickname from his men.

Called to Duty Again Over the next few years, Jackson was able to see action. He had several victories over the Indians and the British throughout the south. He was seen as a war hero! Victory over the Creek Indians – November 1813 – found orphaned Creek Indian infant on battlefield-sent him home for Rachel to care for- said it reminded him of his childhood-he raise him and educated him, until his death at age 16

A Softer Side of Jackson After a victory over the Creek Indians, a small infant was found on the battle field. Jackson wrote to Rachel, asked her to care for him as their own because it reminded him of his own situation when younger.

The Big Victory Jackson won against the British in the Battle of New Orleans British 2,000+died, only 13 Americans Jackson was an overnight war hero War of 1812 ended and Jackson returned home to the Hermitage

After the War of 1812 He was called upon to negotiate treaties with the Cherokees, Chickasaws, and Choctaw = Indian Removal Act-systematic removal of all native people from their tribal lands Trail of tears

The Rise of Jackson People identified with Jackson’s “self-made man” image Those that supported Jackson were men with little money but big dreams The Age of Jackson is a period when political supporters are rewarded with government jobs this is the spoils system

The Rise of Jackson He was not really a champion for the “common man” in fact he was a slave owner with a large plantation

Andrew Jackson as President Continued to keep the nickname Old Hickory (some gave him a new one of King Andrew 1) Other presidents had wanted to move the Indians but Jackson was successful Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act which eventually forced the Indians to move west to Indian Territory

Mass Politics and Campaigns Mudslinging is the act of using rumors or half truths to discredit one’s political candidate The use of parades, political rallies and “name recognition” are used to appeal to “everyone” aka white males. Drinks and food are served at the polls. Fights break out at polling stations.

The Growth of Political Participation Americans begin to have organized public meetings to discuss their government. Newspapers provided news from various parts of the nation. Stories address local to national issues. Entertainment shows are widely attended by politicians which allows them to talk to the public.

The Growth of Political Participation New Western states constitutions do not have property requirements for voting or holding office Western local government offices require elections as opposed to appointments This causes office holders to appeal more to the people and openly speak to their constituents

Jackson and Democracy The Democratic Party is born through Jackson and Martin Van Buren. Called the “Little Magician” because he introduces mudslinging and patronage The party is focused on the belief of “offering opportunity” to all white males and rewarding party loyalty.

Extending the Right to Vote After the revolution it was believed that those who owned property, had wealth and were educated well should govern because they were not dependent on anyone Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson exposed that the nation indeed had many interests, and during the Jackson (common man) era another interest was exposed- the desire of ALL white men to be considered equal This sparked the desire to expand suffrage (right to vote) to all males. Egalitarianism is the belief in equality for all men

The Whig Party The party forms out of dislike towards Jackson's policies. Whigs believe that Jackson has overstepped his position as president = too much power! It is made up middle-class, Protestants, business men who strongly supported national improvements

“What about me?” Women, Blacks and Native Americans are not given the right to vote Hispanics are considered less than equals Jacksonian Democracy was a celebration of egalitarian ideals for white males only!

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